外源腐殖酸对草莓种苗繁育、光合特性及氮代谢的影响  

Effects of exogenous humic acid on seedling breeding,photosynthetic characteristics and nitrogen metabolism of strawberry

作　　者：赵菁婉 张彦萍[1] 刘海河[1] 朱立保 范中艺 杨志桃 ZHAO Jingwan;ZHANG Yanping;LIU Haihe;ZHU Libao;FAN Zhongyi;YANG Zhitao(College of Horticulture/Agricultural Science and Education Center,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学园艺学院/科教兴农中心,河北保定071001

出　　处：《河北农业大学学报》2023年第6期46-51,共6页Journal of Hebei Agricultural University

基　　金：河北省重点研发计划项目(21327210D);河北省农业科技成果转化资金专项资助项目(2023年);河北省“四个一”-顺平县草莓科技示范基地资助项目(2060405)。

摘　　要：为提高草莓育苗的繁苗数量和质量,本研究以‘红颜’草莓为试材,采用土壤育苗方式,在母株匍匐茎发生初期,通过叶面喷施50、100、150、200 mg/L 4种不同浓度的腐殖酸,以清水为对照,研究其对草莓母株匍匐茎抽生数量、子苗质量、子苗光合色素含量、光合特性及氮代谢的影响。结果显示:与对照相比,叶面喷施不同浓度的腐殖酸均可提高草莓母株单株匍匐茎发生数量和子苗数量,并且提高子苗的茎粗、叶面积、根系活力和壮苗指数;显著提高子苗的光合色素含量、净光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率等生理指标;子苗的硝态氮含量显著降低、铵态氮含量显著增加,硝酸还原酶(NR)、谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)、谷氨酸合成酶(GOGAT)、谷氨酸脱氢酶(GDH)4种氮代谢相关酶活性均显著高于对照。在草莓母株匍匐茎发生初期,叶面喷施适宜浓度的腐殖酸可以提高草莓母株的繁苗数量,通过促进草莓子苗的光合作用及氮代谢,从而提高草莓繁育的子苗质量,以150 mg/L的腐殖酸处理效果最好。In this paper,the effects of different concentrations of humic acid(0,50,100,150,200 mg/L)were analyzed on seedling photosynthesis,nitrogen metabolism,number of stolons and seedling quality of strawberry‘Benihope’in the early stage of strawberry stolonization.The results showed that foliar spraying of different concentrations of humic acid increased the number of stolons and seedlings of a single strawberry mother plant,and increased the stem diameter,leaf area,root activity and strong seedling index of strawberry seedlings.Humic acid significantly improved the physiological indicators of the seedlings such as photosynthetic pigment content,net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance and transpiration rate,while the nitrate nitrogen content of seedlings was significantly reduced and the ammonium nitrogen content was significantly increased.The enzyme activities of nitrate reductase(NR),glutamine synthetase(GS),glutamate synthetase(GOGAT)and glutamate dehydrogenase(GDH)were significantly higher than those of the control.It showed that the appropriate application of humic acid on the leaves at the early stage of strawberry stolon growth can increase the number of seedlings of strawberry mother plant,and improve the quality of strawberry seedlings by promoting the photosynthetic efficiency and nitrogen metabolism of strawberry seedlings.150mg/L humic acid was suggested to demonstrate the best effect in this study.

关 键 词：草莓 腐殖酸 种苗繁育 光合作用 氮代谢 

分 类 号：S668.4[农业科学—果树学]