碳酸氧镧改性生物炭材料的合成及对磷酸盐去除性能  

Synthesis and phosphate removal performance of La2O2CO3 modified biochar materials

作　　者：李伟[1,2] 王一年 程福龙 范钰婷 潘梦婷 陈悦 谷娇 潘杰[1,2] LI Wei;WANG Yinian;CHENG Fulong;FAN Yuting;PAN Mengting;CHEN Yue;GU Jiao;PAN Jie(Chongqing Key Laboratory of Water Environment Evolution and Pollution Control in Three Gorges Reservoir,Chongqing Three Gorges University,Chongqing 404100,China;Three Gorges Reservoir Area Environment and Ecology of Chongqing Observation and Research Station,Chongqing Three Gorges University,Chongqing 404100,China;Institute of Geography Science,Taiyuan Normal University,Jinzhong 030619,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆三峡学院三峡库区水环境演变与污染防治重庆市重点实验室,重庆404100 [2]重庆三峡学院三峡库区环境生态重庆市野外科学观测站,重庆404100 [3]太原师范学院地理科学学院,晋中030619

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2023年第17期199-208,共10页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32001154);重庆市科委科学技术研究项目(KJQN202301238);三峡库区水环境演变与污染防治重庆市重点实验室开放基金项目(WEPKL2019ZD-05)。

摘　　要：为高效去除废水中过量的磷酸盐为目的,该研究将研究利用艾草生物质与镧溶液共生共热的方法制成具有大量纳米级碳酸氧镧突起的镧基复合生物炭材料,研究了材料投加量、初始磷酸盐浓度、吸附时间、初始溶液pH值和共存离子对其吸附磷酸盐性能的影响及饱和磷吸附镧基复合生物炭材料(La-CB2-P)对生菜种子发芽率的试验。试验结果表明:La-CB2最佳投加量为1 g/L,最佳吸附温度为25℃,对磷酸盐的吸附主要为多分子层吸附,Langmuir模型模拟最大吸附容量为126.82 mg/g,并在12h内达到吸附平衡,酸性至中性水环境中La-CB2吸附性能更优,并对碱性水环境的pH值具有缓冲作用,在pH值为3时La3+浸出率为7.66%,其他pH值条件下仅为0.029%左右,在磷吸附过程中LaCB2的DOC溶出量随着初始溶液pH值的升高呈先增后减的趋势,在多种共存阴离子中对磷酸盐具有很强的选择性吸附,水体中的腐殖酸会大幅度降低La-CB2对磷酸盐的吸附性能。饱和磷吸附镧基复合生物炭材料(La-CB2-P)能够作为磷缓释肥显著促进生菜发芽,对La-CB2在富营养水体的磷吸附及资源回收提供了大量的理论基础。La-CB(Lanthanide-based composite biochar)materials were made by symbiotic co-heating of mugwort biomass and lanthanum solution for the purpose of efficiently removing excess phosphate in wastewater,and according to the effects of different concentrations of LaCl3 on the adsorption performance of La-CB materials,it was found that La-CB2 materials with medium lanthanum concentrations were suitable for the adsorption study of phosphoric acid.Microscopic analysis used X-ray diffraction(XRD)to analyze the crystal structure of La-CB2 and its phosphorus saturated adsorption(La-CB2-P),and found that a large of La2O2CO3 crystals were formed on the surface of La-CB2,and LaPO3 crystals were formed after phosphate adsorption.The surface morphology of La-CB and La-CB2 was characterized by transmission electron microscopy SEM-EDS automatic analyzer and analyzed their morphology and size,and it was found that after the modification of lanthanum carbonate,a large of lamellar structures were formed on the surface of mugwort biomass,and there were large nanoscale spherical protrusions on the surface of the sheet structure.Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to characterize the surface functional group properties of materials,and it was proved that La-CB2 formed LaPO3 by chemical bonding to remove phosphate in water.The effects of material dosage,initial phosphate concentration,adsorption time,pH of initial solution and coexisting ions on the adsorption performance of La-CB2 on the adsorption of phosphate and the germination rate of Lettuce seeds were experimented with the effects of La-CB2-P on the germination rate of lettuce seeds,and the isothermal adsorption curves were fitted by the Langmuir model,Freundlich model and Temkin model,and the kinetic adsorption characteristics were fitted by quasi-primary kinetics,quasi-secondary kinetics and Elovich model.The experimental results show that La-CB2 can efficiently adsorb phosphate at low dosage,the optimal dosage is 1 g/L,the optimal adsorption temperature for phosphat

关 键 词：生物炭 吸附 复合材料 碳酸氧镧 磷酸盐 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S21[农业科学—农业机械化工程]