基于区块链的农业面源污染治理信息管理及监管机制创新  

Blockchain-based innovations of agricultural non-point source pollution control information management and supervision mechanism

作　　者：梁晓贺[1,2] 周爱莲 远铜[3] 张毅 LIANG Xiaohe;ZHOU Aiian;YUAN Tong;ZHANG Yi(Agricultural Information Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Key Laboratory of Agricultural Blockchain Application,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100081,China;Agricultural Trade Promotion Center,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100125,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业信息研究所,北京100081 [2]农业农村部区块链农业应用重点实验室,北京100081 [3]农业农村部农业贸易促进中心,北京100125

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2023年第11期2541-2549,共9页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：中国农业科学院农业信息研究所创新工程项目(CAAS-ASTIP-2023-AII);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(JBYW-AII-2022-32)。

摘　　要：针对当前我国农业面源污染治理存在因机制不完备导致的治理信息安全隐患大、问题企业追责难、监管效率低下等问题,提出了基于区块链的农业面源污染治理信息管理及监管机制。在探讨区块链与农业面源污染治理的系统结构协同和机制功能协同的基础上,搭建了农业面源污染治理Fabric联盟链框架体系,并从农业面源污染治理信息管理和监管两个方面进行了机制创新。研究表明,区块链技术的创新应用将在农业面源污染治理制度和模式上进行突破,保障农业面源污染治理信息的安全性,促进相关利益主体行为得到有效监管,降低治理成本和复杂度,形成政府和农业生产经营主体间信息自由传递、流动的立体网络和治理逻辑。Problems in China′s agricultural non-point source pollution control include hidden dangers of information security and problematic enterprises and low regulatory efficiency caused by incomplete mechanisms.A mechanism of agricultural non-point source pollution control information management and supervision mechanism based on blockchain was proposed.Aiming to coordinate system structure and mechanism function between blockchain and agricultural non-point source pollution control,a Fabric alliance chain framework system for agricultural non-point source pollution control was built.Innovation of the mechanism involved two aspects of agricultural non-point source pollution:control information management and supervision.The innovative application of blockchain technology is expected to improve system structure and modeling of agricultural non-point source pollution control,ensure the security of agricultural non-point source pollution control information,promote the effective supervision of the behavior of related stakeholders,and reduce the cost and complexity of governance.The findings document the formation of a stereoscopic network and governance logic of information free transmission and flow between government and agricultural business entities.

关 键 词：区块链 农业面源污染治理 信息管理机制 监管机制 联盟链 

分 类 号：X71[环境科学与工程—环境工程]