特高压变电站厂界环境噪声排放测量及计算  

Measurement and Calculation of Environmental Noise Emission at UHV Substation Boundary

作　　者：周兵 王延召 胡静竹 倪园 刘震寰 廖正海 ZHOU Bing;WANG Yanzhao;HU Jingzhu;NI Yuan;LIU Zhenhuan;LIAO Zhenghai(State Key Laboratory of Power Grid Environmental Protection,China Electric Power Research Institute,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]中国电力科学研究院有限公司电网环境保护国家重点实验室,武汉430074

出　　处：《噪声与振动控制》2023年第6期289-294,共6页Noise and Vibration Control

基　　金：国家电网公司科技资助项目(5500-202055339A-0-0-00)。

摘　　要：为掌握特高压变电站厂界环境噪声排放水平、评估工程设计及环评阶段噪声计算准确性,对实际运行的某特高压变电站厂界环境噪声及控制区边界噪声进行现场实测,并与计算值进行对比分析。结果表明,变电站噪声控制区边界噪声排放满足2类声环境功能区噪声排放限值要求,电抗器侧厂界夜间噪声高出2类标准值0.6 dB(A)~11.1 dB(A);商业软件计算所得厂界噪声理论值与实测值存在一定差值,评估电抗器侧厂界噪声达标情况时,建议将计算值额外增加3 dB(A);变电站电抗器侧厂界噪声主要为100 Hz低频声,因声波干涉效应,衰减曲线为“波浪式”;变电站厂界外噪声实际衰减比理论计算更快,但站外100 m范围内存在计算值比实测值大的情形,建议将该范围内敏感建筑物的噪声计算值增加2 dB(A)后进行评估;选址在无噪声敏感建筑物区域的变电站,设置噪声控制区是可行的。研究成果可为特高压变电站噪声计算、评价及控制提供技术支撑。In order to obtain the ambient noise emission level of the Ultra High Voltage(UHV)substation and evaluate the engineering design and the accuracy of noise calculation in the stage of environmental assessment,the noise at the plant boundary and the control area boundary of an operating UHV substation were measured.The measured and calculated values of noise were compared and analyzed.The results show that the noise emission at the boundary of noise control area of the substation meets the noise emission limit requirements of the Class 2 standard of the acoustic environment functional area,but the noise at the boundary of the plant on the reactor side at night is 0.6 dB(A)-11.1 dB(A)higher than the standard value of class 2.There is a certain difference between the boundary noise values obtained from the theoretical calculation by means of commercial software and the measurement test.Therefore,it is suggested to increase the calculated value by 3 dB(A)when evaluating the noise level at the plant boundary noise on the reactor side.The boundary noise on the reactor side of the substation is dominated by 100 Hz low-frequency sound,and the attenuation curve is"wave-like"due to the interference effect of sound waves.The actual attenuation of noise beyond the substation boundary is faster than the theoretical calculation,but the calculated value is larger than the measured value within 100 m outside the substation.Therefore,it is recommended to increase the noise calculation value in this area by 2 dB(A)before noise evaluation.It is feasible to set up noise control areas for the substations located in the areas without noise sensitive buildings.These conclusions may provide a technical support for noise calculation,evaluation and control of UHV substations.

关 键 词：声学 变电站 噪声 声波干涉 电抗器 变压器 

分 类 号：X827[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TM723[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]