挑坎体形对泄洪雾化特性的影响研究  

Study on the Influence of Flip Bucket Types on the Characteristics of Flood Discharge Atomization

作　　者：余凯文 韩昌海[1] 韩康 余之光 YU Kai-wen;HAN Chang-hai;HAN Kang;YU Zhi-guang(State Key Laboratory of Hydrology Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering,Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute,Nanjing 210029,China;Hubei Institute of Water Resources Survey and Design,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]南京水利科学研究院水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室,江苏南京210029 [2]湖北省水利水电规划勘测设计院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《水电能源科学》2023年第12期121-124,共4页Water Resources and Power

摘　　要：随着一大批具有“高水头、大流量、地质条件复杂”特点的重大水利工程建成,泄洪雾化诱发的环境问题日益突出,亟待开展泄洪雾化缓解技术研究。挑坎体形对泄洪雾化具有直接影响,为此应用水工模型试验和数学模型计算相结合的方法,研究了不同挑坎体形对泄洪雾化特性的影响。结果表明,相同条件下,连续坎的水舌风风速值沿下游河道轴线两侧对称并呈单峰分布,窄缝坎和扩散坎的水舌风风速值近似呈对称双峰分布;泄洪降雨分布与挑坎体形密切相关,较连续坎、窄缝坎、扩散坎的溅水量大大增加。因此,在实际工程中可通过合理优化挑坎体形,以达到减轻泄洪雾化的目的。With the completion of a large number of major water conservancy projects with the characteristics of"high water head,large flow,and complex geological conditions",the environmental problems caused by flood discharge atomization have become increasingly prominent,and it is urgent to carry out research on mitigation technology of flood discharge atomization.The types of flip bucket have a direct impact on flood discharge atomization.Based on the methods of physical model test and numerical simulation calculation,the influence of flip bucket types on flood discharge atomization is studied.The results show that:under the same test conditions,the distribution of the nappe wind velocity of the continuous bucket is symmetrical along the two sides of the downstream axis,showing a unimodal distribution;and the distribution of the nappe wind velocity of the contraction bucket and the expansion bucket is approximately symmetrical bimodal distribution.The distribution of flood discharge rainfall is closely related to the type of the flip bucket.Compared with the continuous bucket,the number of the splashed water droplets of contraction bucket and expansion bucket is greatly increased.In the actual project,the purpose of reducing the influence of flood discharge atomization can be achieved by reasonably optimizing the types of flip bucket.

关 键 词：泄洪雾化 挑坎体形 降雨强度 水舌风 水力特性 

分 类 号：TV135[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]