美国集成电路产业政策动向及我国应对策略  

Trends of American IC Industrial Policy and China's Countermeasures

作　　者：白光裕[1] 王建 黄紫春 BAI Guangyu;WANG Jian;HUANG Zichun(Chinese Academy of International Trade and Economic Cooperation)

机构地区：[1]商务部国际贸易经济合作研究院 [2]商务部国际贸易经济合作研究院传媒中心

出　　处：《国际贸易》2023年第11期67-76,共10页Intertrade

摘　　要：集成电路产业是支撑经济社会发展和保障国家安全的基础性产业,正日益受到国际社会的广泛关注。我国是全球最大的集成电路市场,也是重要的出口来源地,在集成电路全球产业链中占据重要地位。在中美经贸摩擦背景下,美国正全方位推动集成电路产业链重构,企图将我国隔绝在集成电路产业链的关键环节之外,强化自身科技霸主地位。目前,我国相关产品在美市场份额已经出现下降趋势,高端产品和技术获取渠道遭到围堵,高技术产业双向投资面临更多障碍,上下游产业链运转不畅,科技创新“孤岛效应”逐步显现。鉴此,我国应充分发挥大市场优势为科技创新提供内在驱动力,加快构建关键核心产业链监控预警机制,主动谋求深化国际高端产业合作,完善集成电路产业政策体系,加强集成电路人才引育,做好集成电路产业稳外资工作,系统应对美国相关措施对我国产业发展的不利影响。As a basic industry to support economic and social development and safeguard national security,in-tegrated circuit(IC)industry is attracting more and more attention from the international community.China is the world􀆳s largest IC market and a key source of export,occupying an important position in the global value chain.Against the backdrop of China-Us economic and trade frictions,the US is promoting the industrial chain recon-struction of integrated circuits in an all-round way,in an attempt to isolate China from the key links of the integrat-ed circuit industry chain and strengthen its scientific and technological dominance.At present,the market share of relevant Chinese products in the US has shown a downward trend,the access channels of high-end products and technologies are blocked,two-way investment in high-tech industries faces more obstacles,the upstream and downstream industrial chain is not smooth,and the“islanding effect”of scientific and technological innovation is gradually emerging.In view of this,China should give full play to its large market advantages to provide an inter-nal driving force for scientific and technological innovation,accelerate the establishment of a monitoring and early warning mechanism for key industrial chains,actively seek to deepen international cooperation of high-end industry and technology,improve the IC industry policy system,strengthen the cultivation of IC talents,do a good job in stabilizing foreign investment in the IC industry,so as to systematically deal with the negative influence of related measures in the United States on the development of domestic industry.

关 键 词：集成电路 中美 产业政策 影响 

分 类 号：F426.63[经济管理—产业经济] F125