医院获得性流感监测及其飞沫预防实践进展  

Surveillance of hospital-acquired influenza and progress of practice on prevention for droplet

作　　者：赵岚[1] 干铁儿[2] 陈爱凤[3] 潘懿旻 ZHAO Lan;GAN Tie-er;CHEN Ai-feng;PAN Yi-min(Zhejiang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310003,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]浙江省中西医结合医院院感部,浙江杭州310003 [2]浙江省中医院院感部,浙江杭州310006 [3]浙江省中西医结合医院呼吸与危重症医学科,浙江杭州310003

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2023年第22期3505-3510,共6页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：浙江省卫健委科技计划基金资助项目(2021KY820)。

摘　　要：医院获得性流感易引起医院感染流行和暴发,导致患者住院时间延长、发病率和病死率过高,感染的医院工作人员缺勤或继续工作增加传播风险.本文经文献复习,就医院获得性流感的监测方式和诊断技术,呼吸防护装备的选择和使用,病房的呼吸隔离设施和环境消毒,医护人员对呼吸防护指南的认知和培训等,对医院内有效地实践飞沫预防措施,减少流感病毒在医院内传播有效性的最新进展进行综述.医院应建立呼吸防护体系,提高医院流感监测能力和诊断技术水平,医护人员在流感活动期间科学佩戴外科口罩,使用有效的隔离单元,提高医护人员遵守呼吸防护措施的依从性和正确性,教育和鼓励患者及家属参与呼吸防护,可以降低医院流感的感染率和病死率.Hospital-acquired influenza is prone to cause the outbreak and prevalence of nosocomial infection,which may lead to the extension of length of hospital stay and high morbidity rate and mortality rate.The absence or continuous work of the hospital staff with infection may increase the risk of transmission.A literature review was conducted for surveillance methods and diagnostic techniques of hospital-acquired influenza,selection and use of respiratory protective equipment,respiratory isolation facilities and environmental disinfection of wards,health care workers'cognition on respiratory protective guidelines,effective prevention measures for droplets and latest progress on reducing the effectiveness of transmission.It is suggested that the respiratory protective system should be set up in the hospital,the levels of surveillance and diagnostic techniques of hospital-acquired influenza should be intensified,the health care workers should scientifically wear surgical masks during the influenza epidemic,the effective isolation units should be used,the health care workers'compliance with respiratory preventive measures should be improved,the patients and their family members should be encouraged to get involved in the respiratory protection,and the above measures can reduce the incidence of hospital-acquired influenza and mortality.

关 键 词：医院感染 流行性感冒 流感病毒 监测 飞沫预防 实践 

分 类 号：R197.3[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]