穆棱地区不同水分条件下3个树种木质部解剖参数比较  

Comparison of tree-ring xylem anatomical parameters of three tree species under different moisture conditions in the Muling area,Heilongjiang Province of northeastern China

作　　者：柳荻 宋文琦 赵彬清 王兴昌 安杨[3] 李宗善 王晓春 Liu Di;Song Wenqi;Zhao Binqing;Wang Xingchang;An Yang;Li Zongshan;Wang Xiaochun(Center for Ecological Research,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China;Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management of Ministry of Education,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China;Changan Park in Shijiazhuang City,Shijiazhuang 050000,Hebei,China;State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院生态研究中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [2]东北林业大学森林生态系统可持续经营教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [3]石家庄市长安公园,河北石家庄050000 [4]中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室,北京100085

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报》2023年第11期53-65,共13页Journal of Beijing Forestry University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41877426、42177421);中央高校基本科研业务费(2572017DG02)。

摘　　要：【目的】明确不同生境下树木木质部的解剖特征差异和暖干化气候条件下树木木质部的生长变化。【方法】在黑龙江省穆棱市针阔叶混交林中设置了水分偏多和偏少2个生境采样点,在2个样点内分别对红松、蒙古栎、紫椴进行取样,使用滑走切片机对所取样芯进行切片,获取木质部解剖参数。【结果】偏干生境下蒙古栎的平均导管面积、木质部脆弱性指数显著增大,但水力效率在2个生境间差异不显著。从偏湿生境到偏干生境,紫椴的平均导管面积、木质部脆弱性指数、水力效率显著降低。在3个树种中,只有红松的平均管胞面积和木质部脆弱性指数在2个生境下差异不显著,同时在偏干生境下水力效率显著提高。偏干生境下红松、蒙古栎、紫椴的年轮宽度均与生长季的帕默尔干旱强度指数(PDSI)呈显著正相关,且其敏感性随土壤含水量的增加而降低。偏干生境下蒙古栎的水力效率与前一年11月―当年10月的PDSI显著负相关,紫椴的年轮宽度、平均导管面积与前一年非生长季最低温显著正相关。【结论】生长季初期干旱是制约穆棱地区红松管胞面积和水力效率的重要因素,在未来红松可能会更强烈地感受到东北地区的气候变化。紫椴在偏干生境下降低水力效率以提高水力安全。偏干生境下的蒙古栎生长量和平均导管面积大于偏湿生境,所以未来的暖干化气候条件可能对蒙古栎的生长更有益,但存在空穴化风险。明确全球变暖带来的干旱胁迫是否会改变树种生长状况,对调整当前的造林措施以使针阔混交林更好地应对未来的暖干化气候条件至关重要。[Objective]This paper aims to clarify the differences in the anatomical characteristics of the xylem of trees in different habitats and the growth changes of the xylem of trees under warm and dry climate conditions.[Method]The relatively dry and relatively wet habitat sampling sites were set up in mixed coniferous forests in Muling City,Heilongjiang Province of northeastern China,and Pinus koraiensis,Quercus mongolica,and Tilia amurensis were sampled.Micro-sections were cut with a rotary microtome to obtain the anatomical parameters of the xylem.[Result]The mean vessel area and vulnerability index of Q.mongolica in the relatively dry habitat increased significantly,but the theoretical xylem-specific hydraulic conductivity of Q.mongolica did not differ significantly between the two habitats.From relatively wet habitat to relatively dry habitat,mean vessel area,vulnerability index,and theoretical xylemspecific hydraulic conductivity of T.amurensis were significantly reduced.Among the three tree species,only the mean tracheid area and vulnerability index of P.koraiensis did not differ significantly in the two habitats,and at the same time,theoretical xylem-specific hydraulic conductivity was significantly increased in the relatively dry habitat.The tree-ring widths of P.koraiensis,Q.mongolica and T.amurensis in relatively dry habitat were all significantly positively correlated with the Palmer drought severity index(PDSI)of the growing season,and the sensitivity decreased when the water content of soil rose.The theoretical xylem-specific hydraulic conductivity of Q.mongolica in the relatively dry habitat was significantly negatively correlated with the PDSI from November of the previous year to October of the current year.The tree-ring widths and mean vessel area of T.amurensis in the relatively dry habitat were significantly positively correlated with the lowest temperature in the previous non-growing season(PNG).[Conclusion]At the beginning of the growing season,drought is an important factor that restricts the tr

关 键 词：木质部解剖 偏干生境 偏湿生境 水力效率 水力安全 

分 类 号：S792.18[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S792.36[农业科学—林学] S792.24[生物学—植物学] Q948.112