茭白田土壤磷库特征及其与种植年限的关系和流失风险  

Status of soil phosphorus pools in Zizania latifolia field and their relationships with plantation years and leaching risk

作　　者：单英杰 任白琳 陈宇航 丁志峰 章明奎[2] SHAN Yingjie;REN Bailin;CHEN Yuhang;DING Zhifeng;ZHANG Mingkui(Zhejiang Management Station of Cropland Quality and Fertilizer,Hangzhou 310020,China;College of Environmental&Resource Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省耕地质量与肥料管理总站,浙江杭州310020 [2]浙江大学环境与资源学院,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2023年第11期2645-2654,共10页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41977001)。

摘　　要：对浙江省典型茭白种植区表层(0~20 cm)土壤中的磷素丰缺状况和磷库特征进行调查,分析茭白种植年限与土壤磷积累的关系。结果表明:样本茭白田土壤的全磷和有效磷(Olsen-P)含量平均值分别为876.73、63.30 mg·kg^(-1),土壤磷积累明显,有效磷水平达丰富级别的占比高达81.05%。样本土壤的磷素以无机磷为主,平均占比达到79.91%,水提取态无机磷(H 2O-Pi)、NaHCO 3提取态无机磷(NaHCO 3-Pi)、NaOH提取态无机磷(NaOH-Pi)、HCl提取态无机磷(HCl-Pi)、NaHCO 3提取态有机磷(NaHCO 3-Po)、NaOH提取态有机磷(NaOH-Po)和残余态磷的平均含量分别为16.16、122.06、213.03、103.22、22.18、158.52、241.86 mg·kg^(-1)。除残余态磷和HCl-Pi外,其他形态磷的含量均随茭白种植年限的增加而增加。土壤磷吸持饱和度随茭白种植年限延长逐渐增加,土壤磷素随种植年限延长呈向下迁移的特点。当样本土壤的有效磷含量大于60 mg·kg^(-1)时,土壤磷素淋失风险增加,约48.37%的样本土壤处于磷高淋失风险状态。In the present study,the abundance and deficiency of phosphorus in surface(0-20 cm)soil and characteristics of phosphorus pool in typical Zizania latifolia planting areas in Zhejiang Province were investigated,and the relationship between the plantation years of Zizania latifolia and the accumulation of phosphorus in soil was analyzed.It was shown that the average contents of total P and available P(Olsen-P)in the soil samples were 876.73,63.30 mg·kg^(-1),respectively.Phosphorus was accumulated in the soil of Zizania latifolia planting areas,and the proportion of soil samples with abundant level of available P was as high as 81.05%.Inorganic P was the main form of P in the soil samples,which accounted for 79.91%of the total P on average.The average contents of water-extractable inorganic P(H 2O-Pi),NaHCO 3-extractable inorganic P(NaHCO 3-Pi),NaOH-extractable inorganic P(NaOH-Pi),HCl-extractable inorganic P(HCl-Pi),NaHCO 3-extractable organic P(NaHCO 3-Po),NaOH-extractable organic P(NaOH-Po)and residual P were 16.16,122.06,213.03,103.22,22.18,158.52,241.86 mg·kg^(-1),respectively.Except the residual P and HCl-Pi,the contents of the other forms of P increased with the increasing planting years of Zizania latifolia.The degree of P sorption saturation increased with the increasing plantation years of Zizania latifolia,while soil phosphorus moved downward along the profile obviously.When the soil available P content was greater than 60 mg·kg^(-1),the phosphorus leaching risk increased,and about 48.37%of the soil samples showed high phosphorus leaching risk.

关 键 词：茭白 有效磷 磷淋失风险 磷形态 

分 类 号：S153.61[农业科学—土壤学]