不同加载速率对预制裂隙类岩石材料的力学特性影响及声发射分析  

Mechanical Properties and Acoustic Emission Analysis of Rock-Like Materials with Prefabricated Fractures Under Different Loading Rates

作　　者：王远增 万文 赵延林 陈伟 盛佳 周彧 WANG Yuanzeng;WAN Wen;ZHAO Yanlin;CHEN Wei;SHENG Jia;ZHOU Yu(School of Resource&.Environment and Safety Engineering,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan,Hunan 411201,China;College of Construction Engineering,Hunan University of Engineering,Xiangtan,Hunan 4ll104,China;Changsha Institute of Mining Research Co.,Ltd.,Changsha,Hunan 410012,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南科技大学资源环境与安全工程学院,湖南湘潭市411201 [2]湖南工程学院建筑工程学院,湖南湘潭市411104 [3]长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司,湖南长沙410012

出　　处：《矿业研究与开发》2023年第11期81-88,共8页Mining Research and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52274194);湖南省自然科学基金项目(2021JJ30265,2023JJ40212);湖南省教育厅科学研究项目(22B0732)。

摘　　要：为研究不同加载速率对预制裂隙类岩石的单轴压缩破坏及裂纹扩展特性的影响,通过预制不同裂隙倾角的类岩石体,进行单轴压缩试验和声发射试验。结果表明:预制裂隙类岩石在加载过程中先以拉张裂缝为主,后逐渐过渡至剪切裂缝,最终表现形式为剪切破坏。在相同裂隙倾角的情况下,试件峰值强度、弹性模量与加载速率呈现正相关关系;相同加载速率下裂纹倾角从0°变化到60°,试件表征峰值强度总体上呈先减小后增加趋势,当α=30°时,峰值强度最低。声发射计数特征与应力-应变曲线相结合,能够较为直观准确地反映出在加载过程中预制裂隙类岩石试件的破坏过程,声发射计数的变化能够与应力-应变曲线的变化一一对应,尤其是峰后阶段,声发射计数特征能够较直观地反映出试件在峰后阶段所发生的破坏尺度更大,即试件最终破坏将发生在峰后阶段。In order to study the uniaxial compression failure and crack propagation characteristics of rock-like bodies with prefabricated fractures under different loading rates,uniaxial compression tests and acoustic emission tests were carried out by prefabricating rock-like bodies with different fracture dip angles.It is found that in the loading process,the rock with prefabricated fracture is mainly composed of tensile cracks and then gradually transitions to shear cracks,and the final form is shear failure.In the case of the same crack dip angle,the peak strength and elastic modulus of the specimen are positively correlated with the loading rate.Under the same loading rate,when the crack dip angle changes from 0°to 60°,the peak strength of the specimen generally decreases first and then increases.When crack dip angle is 30°,the peak strength is the lowest.The acoustic emission counting characteristics combined with the stress-strain curve can more intuitively and accurately reflect the failure process of the rock specimen with prefabricated fractures during the loading process.The change of acoustic emission count can correspond to the change of stress-strain curve,especially in the post-peak stage.The acoustic emission count characteristics can intuitively reflect that the failure scale of the specimen in the post-peak stage is larger,that is,the final failure of the specimen will occur in the post-peak stage.

关 键 词：岩石力学性质 裂纹扩展 力学损伤 声发射 预制裂隙 

分 类 号：TD315[矿业工程—矿井建设]