雷州半岛空中昆虫群落结构特征  

Characteristics of airborne insect community structure in the Leizhou Peninsula,Guangdong

作　　者：常虹 高燕[1] 王思威[1] 王潇楠 刘艳萍[1] 冼海辉[1] 齐国君[1] Chang Hongg;Gao Yan;Wang Siwei;Wang Xiaonan;Liu Yanping;Xian Haihui;Qi Guojun(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection,Plant Protection Research Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,Guangdong Province,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所,广东省植物保护新技术重点实验室,广州510640

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2023年第5期1113-1119,共7页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：广州市科技计划项目(2023A04J0805);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目(2022A1515110473);广西自然科学基金粤桂联合基金项目(2022GXNSFDA080003)。

摘　　要：为明确东亚迁飞场重要通道—雷州半岛空中昆虫的群落结构特征,于2022年在雷州半岛设立探照灯对夜间昆虫进行诱集及种群动态监测,并采用Margalef丰富度指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和Pielou均匀度指数分析物种多样性。结果表明,诱集昆虫隶属于12目61科126属146种,其中鳞翅目、鞘翅目和半翅目昆虫是诱集量和物种丰富度最多的3大类群,分别占所有诱集昆虫总数的72.37%、11.18%和6.58%。诱集昆虫不仅包括草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda、劳氏黏虫Leucania loreyi和斜纹夜蛾S.litura等多种重要的迁飞性害虫,还包括中华草蛉Chrysoperla nipponensis、黄蜻Pantala flavescens和异色瓢虫Harmonia axyridis等迁飞性天敌昆虫。空中昆虫的诱集高峰期主要在6—9月。诱集昆虫的Margalef丰富度指数平均数为6.60,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数平均数为2.68。表明雷州半岛空中昆虫群落物种丰富度和多样性均较高,并证实许多重大农业害虫在迁飞过程中途经雷州半岛。To clarify the community structure of airborne insects in the Leizhou Peninsula of Guangdong Province,a vertical searchlight was established in Leizhou City to trap and monitor nocturnal insects in 2022.The species diversity of these insects was analyzed using the Margalef richness index,Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Pielou evenness index.The results showed that the insects trapped by the vertical searchlight belonged to 146 species of 126 genera in 61 families and 12 orders.Lepidoptera(72.37%),Coleoptera(11.18%)and Hemiptera(6.58%)insects were three dominant groups with the highest light-trap catches and species richness.Many important migratory pests such as Spodoptera frugiperda,Leucania loreyi,S.litura and other migratory natural enemies such as Chrysoperla nipponensis,Pantala flavescens and Harmonia axyridis were captured by searchlight traps.The airborne insects exhibited a major density peak under the vertical searchlight trap from June to September.The average of Margalef richness index and Shannon-Wiener diversity index were 6.60 and 2.68,respectively.This study indicated that the species richness and biodiversity of airborne insect community were higher in Leizhou Peninsula,and confirmed that many major agricultural pests pass through the region during their migration.

关 键 词：雷州半岛 探照灯 昆虫群落 种群动态 物种多样性 迁飞 

分 类 号：S433[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]