减盐对福建省成人膳食碘摄入和碘营养状况的影响  

EFFECTS OF SALT REDUCTION ON DIETARY IODINE INTAKE AND IODINE NUTRITIONAL STATUS AMONG ADULTS IN FUJIAN PROVINCE

作　　者：陈迪群[1,2] 张小珍 兰莺 何萌 吴晓燕[1] 陈志辉[1,2] CHEN Di-qun;ZHANG Xiao-zhen;LAN Ying;HE Meng;WU Xiao-yan;CHEN Zhi-hui(Institute for the Control and Prevention of Endemic and Chronic Non-communicable Diseases,Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Fuzhou 350012;Fujian Medical University,Fuzhou 350108,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省疾病预防控制中心地方病及慢性非传染性疾病防治所,福州350012 [2]福建医科大学,福州350108

出　　处：《营养学报》2023年第5期431-435,共5页Acta Nutrimenta Sinica

基　　金：福建省科技创新平台建设项目(No.2019Y2001);福建省卫健委科技计划项目(No.2020CX0101)。

摘　　要：目的分析减盐对福建省不同地理区域成人居民膳食碘摄入量和碘营养状况的影响,为是否再调整福建省一般人群食盐碘含量提供参考依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法,将福建省分成沿海城市、沿海农村、非沿海城市、非沿海农村四类地理区域,共抽取1815名18~59岁成人,调查其基本资料、膳食碘摄入量、7d食用盐消费量,采集其盐样检测盐碘,采集其尿样检测尿碘。结果福建省成人总体尿碘中位数为141.8μg/L,每日人均食盐摄入量为5.6g。膳食碘摄入量为198.3μg/d,分别为水碘摄入量为6.0μg/d、贡献率为2.7%,食物碘摄入量为79.1μg/d、贡献率为42.5%,和盐碘摄入量为99.7μg/d、贡献率为54.8%。膳食碘摄入量低于平均需要量(EAR)占7.4%,介于EAR-推荐摄入量(RNI)占10.1%,介于RNI-可耐受最高摄入量(UL)占比为81.0%,高于UL占1.5%。非沿海农村成人尿碘中位数为182.2μg/L、每日人均食盐摄入量为7.7g、盐碘贡献率为63.8%,膳食碘摄入量为227.9μg/d及介于RNI-UL占比为86.7%均高于其他地理区域(P<0.05)。结论在减盐背景下,福建省成人碘营养仍处于适宜水平。现行的碘盐浓度25mg/kg还是能够满足福建省一般人群的碘营养需求,无需再调整碘盐浓度。Objective To analyze the influences of salt reduction on dietary iodine intake and iodine nutritional status among adults in different geographic regions of Fujian Province,to provide reference for readjusting the salt iodine content for the general population in Fujian Province.Methods A multi-stage stratified random sampling method was used to divide Fujian Province into four geographical regions,namely coastal urban area,coastal rural area,non-coastal area and non-coastal rural area.A total of 1815 adults aged 18-59 years old were selected to collect their basic data,dietary iodine intake,and 7-day salt consumption.Their salt samples were collected to detect salt iodine,and their urine samples to detect urinary iodine.Results The median urinary iodine of adults in Fujian Province was 141.8µg/L,and the daily per capita salt intake was 5.6 g.Dietary iodine intake was 198.3µg/d.Water iodine intake was 6.0µg/d,and contribution rate was 2.7%.Food iodine intake was 79.1µg/d,and contribution rate was 42.5%.Salt iodine intake was 99.7µg/d,and contribution rate was 54.8%.Of the dietary iodine intake,7.4%of the participants in this study were less than EAR,10.1%between EAR-RNI,81.0%between RNI-UL,and 1.5%higher than UL.The median urinary iodine of the adults in non-coastal rural was 182.2µg/L.The daily per capita salt intake was 7.7 g,and the contribution rate of salt iodine was 63.8%.The dietary iodine intake was 227.9µg/d,and the proportion between RNI-UL was 86.7%,which were higher than those in the other geographical regions(P<0.05).Conclusion Under the background of salt reduction,the iodine nutrition of the adults in Fujian Province is still sufficient.The current iodized salt concentration(25 mg/kg)can still meet the iodine nutrition needs of the general population in Fujian Province,and there is no need to readjust the iodized salt concentration.

关 键 词：碘营养 膳食碘 碘贡献率 减盐 

分 类 号：R151.4[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]