柔韧性训练在腘绳肌损伤预防中应用的研究进展  

Application of pliability training in prevention of hamstring strain injury:a review

作　　者：刘珂 覃棉红 娄彦涛[1] Liu Ke;Qin Mianhong;Lou Yantao(College of Exercise and Health,Shenyang Sport University,Shenyang 110102,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳体育学院运动健康学院,沈阳110102

出　　处：《中华创伤杂志》2023年第11期1046-1052,共7页Chinese Journal of Trauma

基　　金：辽宁省自然科学基金(2023⁃MS⁃330)。

摘　　要：腘绳肌损伤(HSI)是运动员常见损伤之一,严重降低运动员肌肉力学性能并影响运动表现,若恢复不彻底将引发腘绳肌二次损伤,以至永久性功能缺失。因此,预防HSI就显得尤为重要。目前国内外对HSI的预防策略以力量训练为主,但高强度力量训练易导致肌肉和关节损伤。而柔韧性训练采用拉伸、关节运动和循环训练等方法,可提高肌肉伸展性,较离心力量训练的强度更低、安全性更高,是预防HSI的更佳选择。在运动实践和临床应用中,由于对柔韧性训练预防HSI还缺乏足够的认识、训练方案无统一标准,易出现训练量不当、方案不全面、效果欠佳等诸多问题。为此,笔者就柔韧性训练对腘绳肌性能和运动表现的影响及在HSI预防中应用的研究进展进行综述,为有效预防HSI提供参考。Hamstring strain injury(HSI)is one of the most common injuries in athletes,which seriously reduces the mechanical properties of the muscles and affects the performance of the athletes.If not fully recovered,it will lead to secondary hamstring injuries and even permanent functional deficits.Therefore,prevention of HSI is particularly important.At present,the prevention strategies of HSI at home and abroad mainly focus on strength training,but high⁃intensity strength training can easily lead to muscle and joint injuries.By contrast,pliability training is a better choice for HSI prevention,for it involves stretching,joint movement and circuit training,etc,which can improve muscle extensibility,with lower intensity and higher safety than centrifugal strength training.In sports practice and clinical application,there are many problems such as inappropriate training volume,incomplete programs or poor effect,due to a lack of sufficient knowledge of pliability training in the prevention of HIS and a unified standard for training programs.For this purpose,the authors reviewed the effects of pliability training on the function and sports performance of hamstring muscles and its application in the prevention of HIS so as to provide reference for the effective prevention of HSI.

关 键 词：运动损伤 腘绳肌 柔韧性 体育和训练 

分 类 号：R873[医药卫生—运动医学]