有机培肥影响土壤团聚体形成与稳定的研究进展  

Research progress on the formation and stability of soil aggregates by organic fertilization

作　　者：冯浩亮 韩晓增[1] 陆欣春[1] 陈旭[1] 严君[1] 邹文秀[1] FENG Haoliang;HAN Xiaozeng;LU Xinchun;CHEN Xu;YAN Jun;ZOU Wenxiu(Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Harbin 150081,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150081 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《土壤与作物》2023年第4期393-400,共8页Soils and Crops

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项A类(XDA28070100);国家重点研发计划(2022YFD1500100);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系资助(CARS-04);中国科学院区域发展青年学者项目(2022-027)。

摘　　要：土壤团聚体是土壤生态系统中重要的组成部分,它的形成与稳定过程影响着土壤的物理、化学以及生物学性质,对于土壤结构形成、养分赋存状态也有着重要影响。长期有机培肥能够提高土壤有机质含量,通过为土壤团聚体的形成提供胶结物质,进而促进其形成与稳定过程,是土壤肥力提高和土壤结构改良的重要途径之一。为阐明有机培肥措施对于土壤团聚体形成与稳定机制的影响,本文总结了土壤团聚体结构稳定性、固碳、养分赋存以及微生物变化对该措施的响应,讨论了有机培肥措施与团聚体不同过程之间的联系。长期有机培肥措施能够加快团聚体形成周期,增强团聚体稳定性,增加团聚体养分赋存的总量,提高养分有效性。土壤团聚体形成与稳定过程、机制及养分赋集过程的微生物驱动机制仍缺乏研究,在未来的研究中建议加强多尺度、多要素耦合研究,揭示团聚体对土壤有机培肥响应的过程与机理。Soil aggregates are important components of the soil ecosystem.The formation and stabilization of soil aggregates affect the physical,chemical,and biological properties of soil;and play an important role in the formation of soil structure nutrients occurrence as well.Long-term application of organic fertilizer can increase soil organic matter content,provide cementing materials for the formation of soil aggregates,and promote the formation and stability of soil aggregates;which is one of the important ways to improve soil fertility and soil structure.To elucidate the effects of organic fertilizer on the formation and stabilization mechanism of soil aggregates,the responses of soil aggregate structural stability,carbon sequestration,nutrient occurrence,and microbial changes to these practices were summarized,and the relationships between organic fertilizer and different aggregate processes were discussed.Long-term organic fertilizer can accelerate the formation cycle of aggregates,enhance the stability of aggregates,increase the total amount of nutrients in aggregates,and improve nutrient availability.The process and mechanism of soil aggregate formation and stabilization as well as the microbial driving mechanism of the nutrient accumulation process are still lack in research.Future investigation should strengthen multi-scale and multi-factor coupling studies in revealing the process mechanisms of soil aggregates under organic fertilizer application.

关 键 词：有机培肥 土壤团聚体 形成机制 稳定机制 土壤养分 

分 类 号：S152.4[农业科学—土壤学]