区位导向型产业政策的创新驱动效应——基于“中国制造2025”国家级示范区政策的准自然实验  

Innovation-driven effects of location-oriented industrial policies:quasi-natural experiment based on the policy of"Made in China 2025"national demonstration zone

作　　者：刘冰冰 刘戒骄[2] LIU Bingbing;LIU Jiejiao(School of Applied Economics,University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 102488,China;Institute of Industrial Economics,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100006,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学应用经济学院,北京102488 [2]中国社会科学院工业经济研究所,北京100006

出　　处：《产业经济研究》2023年第5期1-14,共14页Industrial Economics Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(22&ZD052);中国社会科学院创新工程项目(SKGJCX2021-03)。

摘　　要：制造强国战略背景下的区域示范政策是推进制造业创新的重要举措。以“中国制造2025”国家级示范区政策作为准自然实验,研究区位导向型产业政策对企业创新的驱动效应。利用2011—2020年沪深A股制造业上市公司数据和双重差分模型进行实证研究得出:示范区政策能够显著提高企业的技术创新质量,并通过降低企业创新活动的融资约束、提高行业竞争水平和增强企业协同创新能力等渠道促进企业技术创新。而且示范区政策对民营企业、十大重点领域支持行业和中部地区企业的技术创新激励效应更为显著。进一步利用城市和企业层面的创新数据,分析示范区政策对入选城市群创新的影响,发现相比其他入选城市,示范区政策并未对城市群创新产生额外的创新激励效果。可能的原因是:示范区政策并未显著提高城市群的制造业集聚水平和创新环境质量,而且政策诱发了企业的非效率投资行为,挤出了企业的创新研发支出。结论对优化示范区政策设计、激励企业技术创新和增强我国制造业竞争实力等方面具有重要意义。As a strategy to build manufacturing power,regional demonstration policies are important measures to promote innovation.This article uses the"Made in China 2025"national-level demonstration zone policy as a quasi-natural experiment to study the innovation-driving effect of location-oriented industrial policies on enterprises.This empirical study uses data for Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed companies in the manufacturing industry from 2011 to 2020 and the difference-in-differences model to show that the demonstration zone policy can significantly improve the quality of enterprises'technological innovation,promote technological innovation by reducing financing constraints on enterprise innovation activities,improving industry competition,and enhancing enterprise's collaborative innovation capabilities.Moreover,the demonstration zone policy has a more significant incentive effect on technological innovation for private enterprises,those in the country's ten most important fields,and enterprises in the central region.Further,the study utilizes innovation data at the city and enterprise levels to analyze the impact of demonstration zone policies on innovation in selected urban agglomerations,finding that,compared to other selected cities,policies did not have any additional incentive effects on innovation in urban agglomerations.The possible reasons are that the policy of the demonstration zone has not significantly improved the level of manufacturing agglomeration and the quality of the innovation environment in the urban agglomeration.The policy has induced inefficient investment behavior by enterprises,squeezing out innovative research and development expenditure.This article makes a significant contribution to optimizing the policy design of demonstration zones,stimulating technological innovation among enterprises,and enhancing the competitive strength of China's manufacturing industry.

关 键 词：国家级示范区 双重差分模型 区位导向型产业政策 技术创新 城市群创新 中国制造2025 

分 类 号：F062.9[经济管理—政治经济学]