论股东代表诉讼中公司的地位及其权利  

On the Status and Rights of Corporation in Shareholder Representative Litigation

作　　者：山茂峰 SHAN Mao-feng

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学法学院

出　　处：《北方法学》2023年第6期70-84,共15页Northern Legal Science

基　　金：2022年教育部高校人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“法治化营商环境建设问题研究”(22JJD820018)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：公司在股东代表诉讼司法实践中的参诉态度多元,其缘由可能在于公司“没有起诉的客观需求”或公司无独立意志而为被告所控制。公司多元参诉态度无以撼动公司诉讼第三人地位的法理基础,不宜赋予公司诉讼地位选择权。公司的诉讼地位同时受组织法上代表诉讼制度逻辑和民事诉讼法上诉讼参与人制度体系的拘束,公司应为辅助原告型无独立请求权第三人。如此安排的制度目的在于维护公司利益、查清案件事实和提供程序保障。在公司的诉讼权利上,应赋予公司抗辩权,以控制“没有起诉的客观需求”的公司被拖进实体审理程序,从而防范股东滥诉,也借此通过程序分流减轻审判压力、提高庭审质辩效率。公司还应享有诉讼告知权、参诉选择权、调解中的同意权、和解中的异议权、强制执行申请权等程序权利,公司不宜享有撤销诉讼申请权、再审申请权等。The reason for the multiple attitudes of the corporation in the judicial practice of representative litigation is that the corporation has“no objective need for litigation”or the corporation is controlled by the defendant without independent will.The multiple attitudes of the company cannot shake the legal basis of the third party status of the company,should not be used as the basis to give corporation the option of litigation status.The litigation status of the company is constrained by the logic of the representative litigation system in the organizational law and the litigation participant system in the civil procedure law.The company shall be a third party with no independent claim for the auxiliary plaintiff type.The institutional purposes of this status arrangement include:safeguarding the interests of the company,finding out the facts of the case and providing procedural guarantees.In terms of the litigation rights of the company,the right of defense should be granted to the company to control the“no objective need for litigation”of the company to be dragged into the entity trial procedure,prevent the shareholders from abusing the lawsuit,and also reduce the trial pressure and improve the efficiency of the trial.The corporation shall also have procedural rights such as the right to notify the lawsuit,the right to participate in the lawsuit,the right to agree in the mediation process,the right to object in the reconciliation process,the right to apply for compulsory execution,etc.The corporation shall not have the right to appeal for the cancel the effective judgment,the right to retrial application,etc.

关 键 词：股东代表诉讼 无独立请求权第三人 原告辅助型第三人 公司抗辩权 

分 类 号：DF411.91[政治法律—经济法学]