行政处罚体系化中的按日连续处罚制度检视与优化  

Review and Optimization of the Daily Penalty System in the Systematization of Administrative Penalty

作　　者：杨治坤[1] YANG Zhi-kun(School of Law/Institution of Intraparty Rules and Regulations,Guangdong University of Foreign Studies,Guangzhou 510420)

机构地区：[1]广东外语外贸大学法学院/党内法规研究中心,广东广州510420

出　　处：《行政法学研究》2023年第6期61-74,共14页ADMINISTRATIVE LAW REVIEW

基　　金：2023年度研究阐释党的二十大精神国家社科基金重大项目“营造市场化、法治化、国际化一流营商环境研究”(项目编号:23ZDA056);2019年度广东省教育科学“十三五”规划项目(项目编号:2019GXJK062);广东外语外贸大学2022科研创新能力提升专项资助。

摘　　要：按日连续处罚是《环境保护法》(2014修订)创立的一项特色制度,有助于迅速阻断持续性环境违法行为。运用法教义学方法,以行政处罚规范体系化思维考察按日连续处罚的制度初衷、义务基础、实施程序与立法技术等,将按日连续处罚定位为行政处罚更为妥当。依循行政处罚“过罚相当”原则和“一事不再罚款”适用规则,澄清按日连续处罚制度存在的一些理论争点。在制度功能和实践实效层面,按日连续处罚制度功能逐步从惩罚转向惩罚与威慑并重,实践应用中存在式微趋势。基于行政处罚规范一体化要求,有必要依据行政处罚原理优化按日连续处罚制度,完善其适用的裁量基准,解决好与其他行政处罚措施之间的衔接,以回应按日连续处罚制度的功能变迁,提升其实施效能。Daily penalty is a characteristic system created by the Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China(2014 Revision),which helps to stop persistent environmental violations quickly.It is more appropriate to define the daily penalty as an administrative penalty by using the method of Legal Dogmatics to investigate the original intention of the system,the basis of obligations,the implementation procedure,and the legislative technology with the view of the systematization of administrative penalty.According to the principle of Appropriate Penalty and the rule that No One Should be Twice Penalized for the Same Cause,the paper clarifies some theoretical disputes about the daily penalty system.In terms of system function and practical effect,the function of the daily penalty system gradually shifts from penalty to both penalty and deterrence.Daily penalty has a declining trend in practice.Based on the requirements of integration of administrative penalty norms,it is necessary to optimize the daily penalty system according to the principle of administrative penalty,improve its applicable administrative discretion standards,and solve the connection between it and other administrative penalty measures,so as to respond to the functional changes of the daily penalty system and improve the effectiveness of its implementation.

关 键 词：行政处罚体系化 按日连续处罚 行政处罚 行政强制执行 

分 类 号：D922.11[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学] D922.68[政治法律—法学]