降香与其伪品缅甸大叶生药学鉴别研究  

Pharmacognostic Study on the Identification of Dalbergiae Odoriferae Lignum and Its Counterfeit Burmese Daye

作　　者：蒋媛媛 杨丽 张丹雁[2] 曾庆铃 陈嘉健 JIANG Yuan-Yuan;YANG Li;ZHANG Dan-Yan;ZENG Qing-Ling;CHEN Jia-Jian(Guangdong Jiangmen Chinese Medicine College,Jiangmen 529000 Guangdong,China;School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine,Guangzhou 510006 Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]广东江门中医药职业学院,广东江门529000 [2]广州中医药大学中药学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《广州中医药大学学报》2023年第11期2877-2884,共8页Journal of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：广东省中药材保护品种质量体系构建项目(编号:E2-6212-19-112-004)。

摘　　要：【目的】对比研究降香与市场常见伪品缅甸大叶的生药学特征,建立二者的快速鉴别方法。【方法】基于性状、微性状、显微及薄层色谱鉴别方法鉴别降香与缅甸大叶。【结果】降香与缅甸大叶在性状、微性状、显微及薄层色谱上均有不同程度差异。性状上,降香木纹细腻,表面花纹丰富且美观,断面具同心环纹、不规则花纹等,导管肉眼难见,质坚硬致密,气芳香特异;缅甸大叶木纹稍粗,表面花纹少或无,断面具放射状、雪花状细碎花纹等,偶见枯朽孔洞,导管孔肉眼可见,花香气稍淡。微性状上,降香导管孔小,导管群、木纤维群及弦向薄壁组织相间排列,使横切面形成同心环状;缅甸大叶导管多且大,导管群排列无序,管孔内常含树脂,弦向薄壁组织呈密集弯曲的波浪状环带状。三切面上,降香横切面导管多单个排列,偶见2~8个聚集,管孔小,木纤维大片存在,木薄壁组织较窄;弦切面木射线略叠生,多高2~16个细胞;径切面仅上下两层可见方形射线细胞。缅甸大叶横切面导管多复管孔,常2~8个相连,管孔极大,木纤维群呈方块状,木薄壁组织较宽;弦切面木射线非叠生,多高6~26个细胞;径切面方形射线细胞较多。此外,二者薄壁细胞及射线均含草酸钙方晶。解离组织显微主要鉴别点为缅甸大叶导管明显比降香大。薄层色谱上,二者存在2个差异性色谱点。【结论】降香与缅甸大叶性状及解离组织特征差异较小,但微性状、三切面显微及薄层色谱特征差异较明显,可据此鉴别。该研究建立了降香与缅甸大叶的有效鉴别方法,可为澄清降香市场提供科学依据。Objective To comparatively study the pharmacological characteristics of the Dalbergiae Odoriferae Lignum and its counterfeit Burmese Daye in the market,and to establish a rapid identification method between them.Methods To identify the Dalbergiae Odoriferae Lignum and its counterfeit Burmese Daye based on traits,microphenotypes,microscopic and thin-layer chromatography(TLC)identification methods.Results There were different degrees of differences in traits,micro-traits,microscopy and TLC between the two species.In terms of traits,the wood texture of Dalbergiae Odoriferae Lignum was delicate,the surface pattern was rich and beautiful,the fracture surface had concentric rings,irregular patterns,etc.,and the conduit was difficult to be seen by the naked eye,the texture was hard and dense,and the aroma was special;while the Burmese Daye wood texture was a little thicker,the surface pattern was little or none,the fracture surface had radial and snowflake-like fine patterns,etc.,and the withered holes were occasionally seen,the holes of the conduit were visible to the naked eye,and the floral scent was slightly faint.On the microtraits,the conduit pores of the Dalbergiae Odoriferae Lignum were small,and the conduit groups,wood fibre groups and chordal thin-walled tissues were arranged one after another,so that the cross section forms a concentric ring;the conduits of Burmese Daye were numerous and large,and the conduit groups were arranged in a disordered way,and the pores of the conduits often contained resins,and the chordal thin-walled tissues were in the form of dense and curved wavy ring band.In three section,the conduits of the cross-section of the Burmese Daye were mostly arranged singly,and 2-8 aggregates were occasionally seen,with small tubular pores,large wood fibres,and narrow wood thin-walled tissues;in the chordal section,the wood rays were slightly overlapping,with 2-16 cells in height;and in the radial section,only the upper and lower layers could be seen with square-shaped ray cells.In cross-section of

关 键 词：降香 降香檀 缅甸大叶 生药学鉴别 

分 类 号：R282.5[医药卫生—中药学]