黄芪田苗后除草剂的临时用药评估  

Evaluation of Temporary Herbicides After Seedling in the Field of Astragalus mongholicus

作　　者：赵云彤[1] 陈亿兵 陈晶[3] 解国庆[1] 范书华[1] 王艳[1] 张丽微 华玉晨 ZHAO Yuntong;CHEN Yibing;CHEN Jing;XIE Guoqing;FAN Shuhua;WANG Yan;ZHANG Liwei;HUA Yuchen(Mudanjiang Branch,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Mudanjiang 157041,China;Heilongjiang Plant Inspection and Protection Station,Harbin 150090,China;Institute of Industrial Crops,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin 150086,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院牡丹江分院,黑龙江牡丹江157041 [2]黑龙江省植检植保站,黑龙江哈尔滨150090 [3]黑龙江省农业科学院经济作物研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150086

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2023年第11期19-24,共6页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：黑龙江省绿色植保工程项目(2130108);特色经济作物绿色种植技术示范推广(KYBG-05WDL-2020001);黑龙江省农业科学院“农业科技创新跨越工程”(HNK2019CX06);黑龙江省农业科学院院级项目(2020YYYF006)。

摘　　要：为筛选安全、高效的苗后茎叶除草剂,满足黄芪规模化种植对化学除草技术的需求,降低农民生产成本,以蒙古黄芪为试验材料,对6种含有不同成分的茎叶除草剂进行了田间临时用药评估。结果表明,65%2甲4氯二甲胺盐水剂、460 g·L^(-1)2甲·灭草松可溶液剂、480 g·L^(-1)灭草松水剂+10.8%高效氟吡甲禾灵乳油混用、240 g·L^(-1)烯草酮乳油在供试剂量范围内,对二年生黄芪生长安全,药害风险可接受,可应用于黄芪田苗后防治杂草。460 g·L^(-1)2甲·灭草松可溶液剂最佳使用浓度为3000 g·hm^(-2),黄芪增产率(与空白对照相比,下同)为27.48%,65%2甲4氯二甲胺盐水剂最佳使用浓度为900 mL·hm^(-2),黄芪增产率为24.15%,240 g·L^(-1)烯草酮乳油最佳使用浓度为600 mL·hm^(-2),黄芪增产率为14.16%,复配使用480 g·L^(-1)灭草松水剂浓度为3750 mL·hm^(-2)+10.8%高效氟吡甲禾灵乳油1350 mL·hm^(-2),黄芪增产率为24.48%。In order to screen safe and efficient herbicides and meet the demand of chemical weeding technology for large-scale planting of Astragalus mongholicus,the Astragalus mongolicus was taken as the experimental material,the six stem and leaf herbicides with different components were evaluated in the field.The results showed that 65%2-methyl-4-chlorodimethylamine saline solution,460 g·L^(-1)2-methyl-methamphetazon solution,480 g·L^(-1)bentazone water solution+10.8%high efficiency fluoropyrrolin emulsifiable concentrate,240 g·L^(-1)clethodim emulsifiable concentrate were safe for the growth of Astragalus membranaceus within the test dose range,and the harm of pesticide damage was acceptable.These herbicides can be applied to the demonstration of weed control as the stem and leaf herbicide.The optimal concentration for the use of 460 g·L^(-1)2-methyl-methacrylate solution was 3000 g·ha^(-1),the yield increase rate of Astragalus mongholicus was 27.48%.The optimal concentration for the use of 65%2-methyl-4-chlorodimethylamine saline solution was 900 mL·ha^(-1),the yield increase rate of Astragalus mongholicus was 24.15%.the optimal concentration for the use of 240 g·L^(-1)clethodim emulsifiable concentrate was 600 mL·ha^(-1),the yield increase rate of Astragalus mongholicus was 14.16%.And the optimal concentration for the combination use of 480 g·L^(-1)bentazone water solution was 3750 mL·ha^(-1)+10.8%efficient haloxyfop-methyl emulsifiable concentrate was 3750 mL·ha^(-1),the yield increase rate of Astragalus mongholicus was 24.48%.

关 键 词：蒙古黄芪 茎叶除草剂 安全性 

分 类 号：S451.223[农业科学—植物保护]