基于蜗轮蜗杆结构的数控机床电动推杆式防护门设计  

Design of Electric Push Rod Type Protective Door for CNC Machine Tools Based on Worm Gear Structure

作　　者：陈诗赠 胡真清 蒋修华 王有亮 贺国建 Chen Shizeng;Hu Zhenqing;Jiang Xiuhua;Wang Youliang;He Guojian(Jir Fine Intelligent Equipment Co.,Ltd.,Dongguan,Guangdong 523000,China)

机构地区：[1]乔锋智能装备股份有限公司,广东东莞523000

出　　处：《机电工程技术》2023年第11期305-308,共4页Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Technology

摘　　要：防护门是数控机床的重要安全保护装置,针对目前数控机床防护门存在的安全隐患和自动防护门普及率不高的问题,设计开发电动推杆式防护门。根据目前主流数控机床的自动防护门特点和工作要求,运用SolidWorks进行三维结构设计,并根据该装置的实际工况,计算其关键部件(如螺杆、蜗轮蜗杆等)的工艺参数和强度校核。该数控机床防护门的电动推杆装置主要由驱动电机、减速齿轮箱组、螺杆及连接螺杆的活动装置等零部件组成。工作时,电机带动蜗杆旋转,蜗轮蜗杆的减速箱组进行减速,蜗轮带动螺杆,由旋转运动转化为直线运动的形式,从而实现数控机床防护门的开、关门动作。结果表明:该装置可有效促进自动化管理和数字化管理,大大提高了工作效率,具备安全性能良好、维修方便、制造成本低等特点,可推广应用于注塑机、折弯机、剪切机等机械装备上的防护门。The protective door is an important safety protection device of CNC machine tools.Aiming at the problems of the safety hidden dangers existing in the protective door of CNC machine tools and the low popularity of automatic protective doors,an electric push rod type protective door is designed and developed.According to the characteristics and working requirements of automatic protective door of mainstream CNC machine tools,SolidWorks is used for three-dimensional structure design,and the process parameters and strength check of key components(such as screw,worm gear,etc.)are calculated according to the actual working conditions of the device.The electric push rod device of the protective door of the NC machine tool is mainly composed of driving motor,reduction gearbox group,screw and movable device connecting the screw.During operation,the motor drives the worm to rotate,the reduction box group of the worm wheel and worm decelerates,and the worm wheel drives the screw to convert the rotary motion into the form of linear motion,so as to realize the opening and closing action of the protective door of the NC machine tool.The results show that,the device can effectively promote automatic management and digital management,greatly improve work efficiency,and has the characteristics of good safety performance,convenient maintenance and low manufacturing cost.It can be popularized and applied to the protective door of mechanical equipment such as injection molding machine,bending machine and shear machine.

关 键 词：电动推杆 蜗轮蜗杆 结构设计 优化 

分 类 号：TP271[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]