七大国际石油公司2022年经营业绩与战略动向  

2022 business performance and strategic trend of top 7 international oil companies

作　　者：吴雨佳 王曦[1] 郜峰[1] 熊靓 WU Yujia;WANG Xi;GAO Feng;XIONG Liang(Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development,CNPC)

机构地区：[1]中国石油勘探开发研究院

出　　处：《国际石油经济》2023年第8期66-75,共10页International Petroleum Economics

基　　金：中国石油天然气股份有限公司科学研究与技术开发项目“海外典型气田上产稳产关键技术研究”(2022DJ3305)。

摘　　要：在2022年油气市场宽幅波动背景下,七大国际石油公司普遍呈现较好业绩,收入、净利润和自由现金流均大幅上涨。但高额经营收益并未完全转化为对投资行为的激励,储产量甚至出现逆势回落。这主要归因于俄乌冲突爆发后国际石油公司退出俄罗斯投资业务,同时七大国际石油公司维持谨慎的财务和资本支出政策,一方面继续偿债降杠杆策略,通过股票回购和派息持续加大股东回报,另一方面严格执行既定资本支出计划,在油气上游领域资产交易金额也出现下降且维持净卖家地位,但低碳和新能源资产交易金额持续增长。在当前经营业绩良好、中长期面临低碳转型压力的背景下,七大国际石油公司持续实施油气上游业务“归核化”战略,增强资产韧性、提升抗风险能力,有序能源转型的综合战略。Against the backdrop of wide fluctuations in the oil and gas market in 2022,the seven major international oil companies generally performed better with sharp rise of revenues,net profits,and free cash flows.However,high business earnings did not fully translate into incentives for investment behavior and reserve production even fell against the trend,which was mainly due to the withdrawal of international oil companies from the Russian investment business after the outbreak of the Ukraine issue.At the same time,these seven major international oil companies maintained a prudent financial and capital expenditure policy on the one hand,continuing the strategy of debt servicing and leverage reduction and to increase shareholder returns through share buybacks and dividend payouts,and strictly implemented the existing capital expenditure plan,as well as kept assets traded in upstream oil and gas fields declined and maintained the position of net sellers on the other hand.The amount of low-carbon and new energy assets traded continued to grow.In the context of good operating performance and the pressure of low-carbon transition in the medium to long term,the seven major international oil companies have continued to make their upstream oil and gas operations refocusing to enhance the resilience of their assets,improve their risk-resistant capabilities,and pursue a comprehensive strategy of orderly energy transition.

关 键 词：国际石油公司 经营业绩 财务业绩 油气储产量 上游投资 低碳 公司战略 

分 类 号：F416.22[经济管理—产业经济]