橡胶树品种‘云研77-4’在广东茂名适应性调查  

Adaptability Investigation of Rubber Tree Cultivar'Yunyan 77-4'in Maoming of Guangdong

作　　者：潘媛 杨江波 周少新 黄明超 罗平 李富存 马启铭 谢黎黎 PAN Yuan;YANG Jiangbo;ZHOU Shaoxin;HUANG Mingchao;LUO Ping;LI Fucun;MA Qiming;XIE Lili(Guangdong Agricultural Reclamation Research Institute of Tropical Crops,Maoming 525140,Guangdong)

机构地区：[1]广东农垦热带作物科学研究所,广东茂名525140

出　　处：《中国热带农业》2023年第6期66-74,共9页China Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系(天然橡胶CARS-33-GD1)。

摘　　要：广东植胶区地处热带北缘,橡胶生产过程中低温寒害是主要自然灾害之一,严重的寒害对橡胶产业会造成毁灭性打击,因此引种抗寒品种具有重要意义。通过多年多点调查橡胶树品种‘云研77-4’在广东茂名地区的表现,结果表明:与抗寒品种‘IAN873’相比,‘云研77-4’开割前后的年均生长量都高于‘IAN873’,证明‘云研77-4’整体的长势优于‘IAN873’;在寒害发生后,其受害级别低于‘IAN873’;在台风发生后,‘云研77-4’的受害级轻于‘IAN873’,但抗风性一般,对于风害发生严重的地区,不适宜引种;开割后随着年限增加,产量稳步提升,产量表现优于‘IAN873’。因此,在广东茂名植胶区,‘云研77-4’在寒害发生较重的区域适宜栽植,台风灾害重的地区不建议栽植。The rubber planting area of Guangdong is located in the northern edge of the tropics.Low temperature and cold damage is one of the main natural disasters to rubber production,and severe cold damage can cause devastating blows to the rubber industry,so it is of great significance to introduce cold-resistant varieties to Guangdong.Through multi-site investigation of the performance of rubber tree cultivar'Yunyan 77-4'in Maoming,Guangdong Province for many years,the results showed that compared with the local main cultivar'IAN873',the average annual growth of'Yunyan 77-4'before and after cutting was higher than that of'IAN873',indicating that the overall growth of'Yunyan 77-4'was better than that of'IAN873'.After the occurrence of cold damage,the damage level of'Yunyan 77-4'was lower than that of'IAN873',and the damage level of typhoon to'Yunyan 77-4'was lower than that of'IAN873'.However,the wind resistance of'Yunyan 77-4'was moderate,and it was not suitable for introduction in areas where wind damage occured.After cutting,the yield of'Yunyan 77-4'increased steadily with the increase of age,and it was better than that of'IAN873'.In a word,'Yunyan 77-4'was suitable for planting in areas with severe cold damage but was not recommended for planting in areas with severe typhoon damage in Maoming.

关 键 词：天然橡胶 ‘云研77-4’ 生长量 抗寒 抗风 干胶产量 

分 类 号：S794.1[农业科学—林木遗传育种]