校园空间形态与热健康研究  

Research on Campus Space Form and Thermal Health

作　　者：唐海全 郭飞[1] 赵君 郭若男 TANG Haiquan;GUO Fei;ZHAO Jun;GUO Ruonan

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学建筑与艺术学院

出　　处：《景观设计》2023年第5期20-25,共6页Landscape Design

基　　金：国家社科基金资助项目“基于远景预测的城市气候灾害协同防治体系研究”(项目编号:18BGL233)。

摘　　要：校园建筑空间的室外热舒适(Outdoor Thermal Comfort,OTC)和热健康联系密切,具体分析不同种类的建筑空间对室外景观设计具有积极影响。选取滨海城市——大连某高校内四种不同围合度的建筑空间,以通用热气候指数(Universal Thermal Climate Index,UTCI)为热指标,以皮肤温度(Skin Temperature,ST)为生理评价指标,采用物理、生理测量结合纵向问卷调查的方法,总结不同围合度建筑空间的热舒适差异。结果表明:(1)室外热舒适与建筑空间的围合度和开口方向有关。全围合的建筑空间舒适度最高,全开放的广场舒适度最低,这是建筑阴影导致的。(2)各个测点之间的平均皮肤温度(Mean Skin Temperature,MST)和各个部位的皮肤温度与建筑空间的围合度有关,围合度越高的空间越有利于皮肤温度降低到舒适水平。(3)建筑空间的围合度降低,皮肤温度和热感觉上升,人体对皮肤温度变化的敏感性升高。The outdoor thermal comfort(OTC)and thermal health of campus building space are closely related.Concretely analyzing different types of building space has a positive impact on outdoor landscape design.In this paper,four kinds of building spaces with different enclosing degrees in a university in the coastal city of Dalian are selected.The universal thermal climate index(UTCI)is used as the thermal index,and the skin temperature(ST)is used as the physiological evaluation index.The method of physical and physiological measurement combined with longitudinal questionnaire survey is used to summarize the thermal comfort differences of building spaces with different enclosing degrees.The results show that:(1)The outdoor thermal comfort is related to the enclosing degree and opening direction of the building space.The enclosed building space is the most comfortable,and the fully open square has the lowest comfort,which is due to the existence of building shadows.(2)The mean skin temperature(MST)between each measuring point and the skin temperature of each part are related to the enclosing degree of space.The space with a higher enclosing degree is more conducive to the reduction of skin temperature to a comfortable level.(3)With the decrease of the enclosing degree of space,people's skin temperature and thermal sensation will increase,and the sensitivity of the human body to skin temperature changes will also increase.

关 键 词：室外热舒适 通用热气候指数 空间围合度 皮肤温度 

分 类 号：TU9[建筑科学]