深部岩巷精准介入围岩结构的分步联合支护技术探索  

Investigation of combined step-wised support technology for precise intervention of surrounding rock structure for deep rock roadway

作　　者：康永水[1] 刘泉声[2] 刘滨[1] 朱元广[1] 李翔 王升 KANG Yongshui;LIU Quansheng;LIU Bin;ZHU Yuanguang;LI Xiang;WANG Sheng(State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering,Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan,Hubei 430071,China;School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Wuhan University,Wuhan,Hubei 430072,China;Huainan Mining Industry(Group)Limited Liability Company,Huainan,Anhui 232131,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所岩土力学与工程国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430071 [2]武汉大学土木建筑工程学院,湖北武汉430072 [3]淮南矿业(集团)有限责任公司,安徽淮南232131

出　　处：《岩石力学与工程学报》2023年第11期2682-2693,共12页Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(42277170);国家自然科学基金重点联合基金项目(U22A20234);湖北省重点研发计划项目(2020BCB073)。

摘　　要：为探究深部高应力条件下围岩应力和结构随时间发展变化特征,基于流变应力恢复法测试技术,研究可获取扰动应力的应力场演化监测方法;基于弱反射光纤光栅技术和时分复用原理,研发大变形光纤光栅位移传感器、围岩结构实时监测技术;研究深部围岩开挖卸荷条件下破裂碎胀区、损伤扩容区和连续变形区的分布规律,推导极坐标条件下围岩应力分布特征及损伤扩容区范围,进一步分析考虑围岩–支护协同作用的承载合力,提出支护措施合理介入时机的决策方法。基于以上结论,研究针对不同围岩等级的预应力锚杆、支架、喷浆、预应力锚索及深孔注浆等不同措施的介入时机决策方法,提出深部岩巷精准介入围岩结构的分步联合支护技术。研究表明:各支护措施应在合理的时机介入围岩结构演化过程。预应力锚杆应在开挖后尽早施作,及时恢复巷道表面的法向应力;浅孔注浆可在破裂碎胀区(R_(r))扩展到约2R_(b)/3左右时实施;预应力锚索应在损伤扩容区(R_(f))超出锚杆一次支护作用范围(R_(b))且未超过锚索作用范围(R_(c))前完成,从而利于围岩能量释放并限制破坏区向深处的快速扩展;深孔注浆可在破裂碎胀区R_(r)扩展到约3R_(c)/4左右时实施。To investigate the evolution characteristics of stress and rock structure under high stresses,a testing method for the evolution of the in-situ stress was studied based on the rheological recovery method,which can monitor the disturbed stress in surrounding rock.Based on the weak reflection fiber grating technology and time division multiplexing principle,a large deformation sensor was developed and a real-time monitoring method for rock structure was developed.Further,the distribution of the fractured zone,damage expansion zone and continuous deformation zone under excavation and unloading conditions of deep roadway was studied.The distribution characteristics of stress and the range of damage expansion zone under polar coordinates were derived.The bearing capacity considering the coupling effect of surrounding rock and support was further analyzed,and the proper intervention timing of each support measures was proposed.Subsequently,the intervention timing of support measures such as pre-tensioned bolt,steel support,shotcrete,pre-tensioned cable and deep grouting for different grades of surrounding rock was studied.And the step-wised combined support technology for intervention of rock structure was studied.Support measures should be conducted at a proper timing during the evolution of structure.Pre-tensioned bolt should be applied as early as possible after excavation to restore the normal stress on the roadway surface.Shallow grouting can be carried out when R_(r) extends to approximately 2R_(b)/3.Pre-tensioned cable should be installed before the damage expansion area(R_f) exceeds the primary support range of bolts(R_(b)) and the action range of cables(R_(c)),which is favorable for releasing high pressure and hindering rapid expansion of the failure zone.The intervention timing of deep grouting can be implemented when of the fractured zone(R_(r)) expands to approximately3R_(c)/4.

关 键 词：岩石力学 深部巷道 高应力 精准介入 围岩结构演化 分步联合支护 

分 类 号：TU45[建筑科学—岩土工程]