早期专项化训练对青少年冰球运动员综合能力的影响——以武汉雪狼俱乐部U8、U10组别测试成绩分析为例  

The Influence of Early Specialization Training on the Overall Ability of Junior Ice Hockey Players——Taking the Analysis of Test Results of U8 and U10 Groups of Wuhan Snow Wolf Club as an Example

作　　者：杨凯淇 岳品壕 黄江林[1] 刘航 YANG Kaiqi;YUE Pinhao;HUANG Jianglin;LIU Hang(School of Physical and Education,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550001;School of Postgraduate,Harbin Sport University,Harbin 150008,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学体育学院,贵州贵阳550001 [2]哈尔滨体育学院研究生院,黑龙江哈尔滨150008

出　　处：《冰雪运动》2023年第5期13-17,52,共6页China Winter Sports

基　　金：贵州省教育科学规划课题(2021B223)。

摘　　要：随着我国竞技体育的发展,许多冰球运动员在青少年时期就开始接受专业的训练,而早期专项化训练方式对冰球运动员综合能力的影响,目前尚未有明确的研究结论。采用案例分析、文献资料、数理统计等方法,对武汉雪狼俱乐部U8、U10组别共计22名冰球运动员进行测试,通过比较间隔一季度的2次冰上测试成绩,观察早期专项化训练对冰球运动员综合能力的影响。研究发现,早期专项化训练对冰球运动员体能指标、运动成绩的提升有效;参训时间越多、训练频率更高的冰球运动员普遍成绩更好,但这一联系也受到天赋和个体努力的影响。建议在青少年冰球运动员培养过程中,教练员应与家长合作兼顾多方面因素;早期专项化训练不宜开始于过早阶段,每周更多的训练时间、适度的专项化和长期的职业发展计划,有助于保障青少年冰球运动员的可持续发展。With the development of competitive sports in our country,many ice hockey players begin to receive professional training during their adolescence.However,there is currently no clear research conclusion on the impact of early specialized training methods on the comprehensive abilities of ice hockey players.This paper has tested a total of 22 ice hockey players from the U8 and U10 groups of Wuhan Snow Wolf Club by using the method of case analysis,literature review,mathematical statistics and others,and it has also observed the influence of early specialization training on the comprehensive ability of ice hockey players by comparing the results of 2 ice tests in a quarter interval.It was found that early specialization training was effective in improving the physical ftness index and sports performance of ice hockey players;Ice hockey players who participate more in training and train more frequently generally perform better,but this connection is also influenced by talent and individual effort.It is suggested that in the process of cultivating young ice hockey players,coaches should cooperate with parents and take into account multiple factors;early specialized training should not start at an early stage.More training time per week,moderate specialization,and longterm career development plans can help ensure the sustainable development of young ice hockey players.

关 键 词：早期专项化 青少年 冰球运动员 综合能力 

分 类 号：G862.3[文化科学—体育训练]