废旧锂电池正极材料浸出液中锰、钴的萃取分离  

Extraction and separation of manganese and cobalt from the leaching solution of cathode materials of waste lithium batteries

作　　者：冯天意 崔鹏媛 林艳[1] 俞小花[1] 沈庆峰[1] FENG Tianyi;CUI Pengyuan;LIN Yan;YU Xiaohua;SHEN Qingfeng(Faculty of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学冶金与能源工程学院,昆明650093

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2023年第10期3367-3373,共7页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2019YFC1907900);云南省人才计划资助项目(YNWR-QNBJ-2018-327)。

摘　　要：针对废旧锂电池中正极材料中有价金属未得到有效回收的情况,对废旧锂电池正极材料用苹果酸浸出后的浸出液进行分步萃取,以回收其中有价金属。研究了萃取时间、相比O/A、萃取剂体积分数等因素对各金属元素萃取率的影响。结果表明:在最佳萃取条件下,用P204经过三级逆流萃取后,锰的萃取率达到99.99%,镍、钴、锂的共萃率分别为12.11%、9.20%、3.23%。负载锰的有机相用含1 g·L^(-1)锰的苹果酸溶液洗脱共萃取的镍、钴、锂,然后用300 g·L^(-1)的苹果酸三级逆流反萃锰,锰的反萃率达到了88.80%;用Cyanex272为萃取剂通过三级逆流萃取,钴的萃取率达到了94.01%,锂、镍的共萃率分别为11.21%和0.02%,负载钴的有机相用含1 g·L^(-1)钴的苹果酸溶液洗脱共萃取的锂,随后用30 g·L^(-1)的苹果酸对负载钴的有机相进行三级逆流反萃,钴的反萃率达到了99.98%;提出了先用P204从废旧锂电正极材料苹果酸浸出液中萃取分离Mn,而后再用Cyanex272萃取分离Co的工艺流程,可实现苹果酸浸出液中Mn和Co的分离。本研究结果可为有机酸体系高效萃取锰、钴提供参考。In response to the situation that the valuable metals in the cathode materials of waste lithium batteries were not effectively recovered,fractional extraction of malic acid lechate was conducted to recover the valuable metals therein.The effects of extraction time,ratio O/A,and extractant volume fraction on the extraction rate of each metal element were investigated.The results showed that,after three-stage countercurrent extraction using P204 under the optimal extraction conditions,99.99%manganese was obtained,while the coextraction of nickel,cobalt and lithium was 12.11%,9.20%,3.23%,respectively.The co-extracted nickel,cobalt,lithium of manganese loaded organic phase were eluted with malic acid solution containing 1 g·L^(-1)manganese,and then manganese was stripping with three-stage countercurrent stripping of 300 g·L^(-1)malic acid,and the manganese stripping rate reached 88.80%.The extraction rate of cobalt reached 94.01%by three-stage countercurrent extraction using Cyanex272,11.21%and 0.02%for lithium and nickel,respectively.The coextracted lithium of cobalt loaded organic phase were eluted with malic acid solution containing 1 g·L^(-1)cobalt,and then cobalt was stripping by three-stage countercurrent with 30 g·L^(-1)malic acid,achieving 99.98%for cobalt.The process flowsheet was proposed first extracting and separating Mn from the malic acid leachate with P204 and then extracting and separating Co with Cyanex272,and the separation of Mn and Co from the malic acid leachate can be achieved.The results of this study can provide a reference for the efficient extraction of manganese and cobalt by organic acid systems.

关 键 词：苹果酸浸出液 溶剂萃取 P204 CYANEX272 

分 类 号：TF111[冶金工程—冶金物理化学]