电子受体对深层土壤中石油烃缺氧降解的影响  

Effect of electron acceptor on anoxic biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in subsurface soil

作　　者：张业文 宋锦达 宋泽贤 张腾飞 孙仲平 王学礼[1] 杨苏才 ZHANG Yewen;SONG Jinda;SONG Zexian;ZHANG Tengfei;SUN Zhongping;WANG Xueli;YANG Sucai(College of Agriculture,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;College of Earth and Environmental Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;Institute of Resources and Environment,Beijing Academy of Science and Technology,Beijing 100089,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学农学院,南宁530004 [2]兰州大学资源环境学院,兰州730000 [3]北京市科学技术研究院资源环境研究所,北京100089

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2023年第10期3408-3415,共8页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2019YFC1805703);北京市科学技术研究院创新工程资助项目(2022A-0001)。

摘　　要：微生物降解是处理土壤中石油烃(PHC)污染的有效技术,目前对PHC微生物降解的研究多集中在好氧条件下,对PHC缺氧微生物降解的研究较少,PHC缺氧降解规律尚不清楚。以PHC污染的深层土壤为对象,探究不同质量分数(500、1500、5000 mg·kg^(-1))的硫酸盐、硝酸盐或混合电子受体对土壤中土著微生物丰度、群落结构以及PHC缺氧降解的影响规律。结果表明,150 d缺氧培养后,添加相同种类电子受体的土壤处理中细菌丰度、潜在PHC降解菌(变形菌门和厚壁菌门)丰度随电子受体的质量分数增加而增加;添加相同质量分数的不同种类电子受体土壤处理中细菌丰度、潜在PHC降解菌丰度从高到低分别为硝酸盐、混合电子受体、硫酸盐。添加相同种类电子受体的土壤处理中ΣPHC(C_(10)~C_(30))和C1(C_(10)~C_(16))、C2(C_(17)~C_(23))、C3(C_(24)~C_(30))组分的降解率随着加入电子受体质量分数增加而增加;相同质量分数的不同种类电子受体土壤处理中ΣPHC和C1、C2、C3组分的降解率从高到低分别为硝酸盐、混合电子受体、硫酸盐。土壤中PHC缺氧降解率与细菌丰度、潜在PHC降解菌丰度均存在正相关关系。研究结果可为石油烃污染土壤的修复技术研发提供技术支持。Anoxic biodegradation is an attractive approach to the removal of petroleum hydrocarbons(PHC)in soil.At present,the biodegradation of PHC is mostly focused on aerobic conditions.There are fewer studies on anoxic biodegradation of PHC,and the law of anoxic biodegradation of PHC is still unclear.In this study,the effect of electron acceptor(nitrate,sulfate and mixed electron acceptor)at different mass fraction(500,1500,5000 mg·kg^(-1))on anoxic biodegradation of PHC in subsurface soil were investigated.Dynamic changes in the soil bacterial abundance and community composition were also examined.The results showed that after 150 d of anoxic incubation,the abundance of bacteria and potential PHC-degrading bacteria(Firmicutes and Proteobacteria)in the soil treated with the same types of electron acceptors increased with the increase of electron acceptor concentration;the abundance of bacteria and potential PHC-degrading bacteria in the soil treated with the same concentration of different types of electron acceptors,in descending order,were nitrate,mixed electron acceptor,and sulfate,respectively.The biodegradation rates ofΣPHC(C_(10)~C_(30))and C1(C_(10)~C_(16)),C2(C_(17)~C_(23)),and C3(C_(24)~C_(30))fractions in soil treated with the same types of electron acceptor added increased with the increase in the concentration of electron acceptor added;the biodegradation rates ofΣPHC and C1,C2,and C3 fractions in soil treated with the different types of electron acceptor added at the same mass fraction,in descending order,were nitrate,mixed electron acceptors,and sulfate,respectively.There was a positive correlation between the anoxic biodegradation rate of PHC in soil and the abundance of bacteria and potential PHC-degrading bacteria.The results can provide technical support for the development of remediation technologies for petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soils.

关 键 词：电子受体 石油烃 缺氧降解 微生物 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]