长年代气候观测资料构建研究进展  

Review of climate observation series construction over long-timescale

作　　者：司鹏[1] 徐文慧[2] 王敏 SI Peng;XU Wenhui;WANG Min(Tianjin Meteorological Information Center,Tianjin 300074,China;National Meteorological Information Centre,Beijing 100081,China;Shaoguan Meteorological Service,Shaoguan 512028,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市气象信息中心,天津300074 [2]国家气象信息中心,北京100081 [3]广东省韶关市气象局,广东512028

出　　处：《科技导报》2023年第21期31-48,共18页Science & Technology Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(41905132)。

摘　　要：归纳了近年来国内外在全球、区域和局地尺度长年代气候观测资料构建研究中所取得的重要成果,分析了全球表面温度及降水等气候数据集产品及其为气候变化科学方面所呈现的重要价值,讨论了长年代序列构建过程中需要改进的技术方法以及亟待解决的关键科技问题。分析表明,长年代气候资料的构建技术在支撑气候变化业务发展方面取得了一定进展,但立足新形势下数据供给能力建设的迫切需要,丰富要素种类、恢复历史资料完整性、提高数据产品质量、细化研究对象空间尺度及研究要素时间尺度仍是今后需要解决的关键问题。The numbers of extreme weather and climate events in many parts of the world are increasing due to climate change,and this phenomenon will become more frequent and severe.A complete and reliable climate observation series over long-time scale is an important basis for interpreting climate change and evaluating model simulation performance.It is also a reliable observation basis for deeply and systematically detecting the characteristics of global,regional or local extreme climate change and predicting the future trend of climate change.In this paper,some important research achievements are summarized,which have been recently made in construction of long-term climate observation series on global,regional and local scales at home and abroad.Several global surface temperature and precipitation climate datasets and their important values for the science of climate change are analyzed.Moreover,technologies and key scientific problems in constructing climate observation series over longtime scale that need to be improved and solved urgently are also discussed.Results indicate that some progress has been made in construction technology of climate observation series over long-time scale for supporting the development of climate change operations.However,there are still some main problems that need to be solved in view of the urgent need of data supply capacity under new situation,i.e.,enriching the types of the observed elements,restoring the integrity of historical data,improving the quality of data products,and refining the spatial scale of the object and the temporal scale of the elements.Therefore,a scientific basis can be provided for further enhancing the application value of precious long-term climate observations in meteorological service guarantee and scientific and technological innovation in China.

关 键 词：长年代 观测资料 数据均一化 数据插补 

分 类 号：P468[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]