2018—2020年吉林省疾病监测点死因漏报调查分析  

Underreporting of causes of death by the national disease surveillance points in Jilin Province,2018—2020

作　　者：李璐[1] 刘婷 贾淯媛 朱颖俐[1] 卢欣荣[1] 郭伟[1] LI Lu;LIU Ting;JIA Yu-yuan;ZHU Ying-li;LU Xin-rong;GUO Wei(Institute for Control and Prevention of Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases,Jilin Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Jilin Provincial Institute of Public Health),Changchun,Jilin 130062,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林省疾病预防控制中心(吉林省公共卫生研究院)慢性非传染性疾病预防控制所,吉林长春130062

出　　处：《中国卫生工程学》2023年第5期590-593,598,共5页Chinese Journal of Public Health Engineering

基　　金：中央转移支付重大公共卫生——死因监测项目。

摘　　要：目的评估2018—2020年吉林省国家级死因监测点死因数据完整性。方法监测县(市、区)内所有的乡镇/街道按当地居民死亡水平高低分三层,分别为高、中、低(每层的乡镇/街道的数量基本相同)。每一层均随机抽取一个乡镇/街道,该乡镇或街道中的所有家庭都为调查家庭,将调查家庭中常住成员的死亡情况与人口死亡监测系统中常规报告死亡数据之间进行比较,计算漏报率。调查研究结果采用构成比和率进行统计描述,并用χ^(2)检验进行比较。结果2018—2020年吉林省国家级死因监测点漏报率为10.87%,农村地区漏报率高于城市地区,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=61.73,P<0.05);0~岁组漏报率高于其他年龄组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=34.88,P<0.05);各年度漏报率不同,2020年漏报率高于2018年和2019年,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=19.97,P<0.05);漏报率在不同性别之间差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.19,P>0.05)。结论吉林省国家级死因监测点报告的死亡监测信息数据完整性较好,但是仍然存在死亡报告信息不全面、不完善和数据漏报的情况,应进一步加强对死因报告常规工作管理,加强工作人员培训,提高工作人员的业务能力和责任心,建立多部门数据信息长效共享机制体系,切实做到提高死因数据可靠性,增强数据的利用价值。Objective To evaluate the completeness of cause-of-death data reported by the national disease surveillance points(DSPs)in Jilin Province from 2018 to 2020.Methods The study settings were national disease surveillance counties(cities or districts)in Jilin,in which all townships and subdistricts were equally divided into three groups(high,moderate and low mortality level)by the mortality level of local residents,and from each group,a township or subdistrict was randomly selected,then all households in the finally selected township or subdistrict were sampled as participants.The rate of underreported causes of death was calculated based on the results of comparing the resident death in each household obtained from the investigation and the death data regularly reported through the death surveillance system.The investigation results were statistically described using percentages and rates.The comparison of rates of underreported causes of death was performed using the chi-square test.Results The underreporting rate of causes of death in the DSPs in Jilin during 2018—2020 was 10.87%.The underreporting rate of causes of death in DSPs in rural areas was statistically higher than that in urban areas(χ^(2)=61.73,P<0.05).The underreporting rate of causes of death in children aged less than one year was statistically higher than that in other age groups(χ^(2)=34.88,P<0.05).The underreporting rate of causes of death differed by year.And it was higher in 2020 than that in 2018 and 2019,showing statistically difference(χ^(2)=19.97,P<0.05).There was no statistically significant sex-specific difference in the underreporting rate of causes of death(χ^(2)=0.19,P>0.05).Conclusion On the whole,the data related to causes of death reported by the DSPs in Jilin are relatively complete,but there still exists the question,such as some information is incomplete,imperfect or underreported.It is necessary to continue to strengthen the routine management of cause of death reporting,strengthen relevant trainings to improve the competen

关 键 词：死因监测 漏报调查 完整性 

分 类 号：R195.1[医药卫生—卫生统计学]