缺硼对大豆幼苗生长及保护性酶活的影响  

Effects of Boron Deficiency on Growth and Enzyme Activities of Soybean Seedlings

作　　者：赵晓宇 苏二虎 王雪娇 刘坤雨 高圆丽 薛春雷 梁红伟 李强 ZHAO Xiaoyu;SU Erhu;WANG Xuejiao;LIU Kunyu;GAO Yuanli;XUE Chunlei;LIANG Hongwei;LI Qiang(Inner Mongolia Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot 010031,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010031

出　　处：《大豆科学》2023年第6期718-725,共8页Soybean Science

基　　金：内蒙古自治区自然科学基金面上项目(2019MS03006);中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(2021ZY0028,2022ZY0105);内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2021GG0374,2021GG0013);呼伦贝尔市科技计划项目(NC2022002,NC2022004);中国科学院西部青年学者项目。

摘　　要：大豆植株对缺硼十分敏感,为了探明缺硼处理下大豆幼苗生长发育及保护性酶活的变化规律,本研究以蒙科豆9号为试验材料,在大豆苗期设置缺硼(B-)和全营养(CK)两种处理,比较分析不同处理间光合生理参数、干物质积累量以及保护酶活性的变化规律,并进行相关性分析。结果表明:缺硼会显著降低大豆株高、SPAD值、荧光值和干物质积累量,处理8 d后B-处理较对照大豆株高降低12.54%,SPAD值较对照降低27.33%,荧光值较对照降低4.41%,干物质积累量较对照降低28.25%。大豆幼苗在缺硼处理和全营养条件下保护性酶活性(SOD、APX、CAT、POD)均表现为随着时间的递进呈先增加后降低的变化趋势,而丙二醛(MDA)含量表现为持续增加,其中植株酶活性表现为根部>叶部。大豆干物质积累量与株高、SPAD值、荧光值、APX酶活性呈显著正相关,与SOD、CAT、POD酶活性呈极显著正相关,与MDA含量呈极显著负相关。综上,缺失硼素后会抑制大豆幼苗生长发育,在胁迫早期,保护酶活性增加,维持了大豆的正常生长;然而,随着胁迫时间的推移,酶的活性显著下降。Soybean plants are very sensitive to boron deficiency.Under boron deficiency treatment,the patterns of change in growth,development and protective enzyme activity of soybean seedlings were investigated.In this study,Mengke 9 was used as a test material.At the soybean seedling stage,two treatments were set up of boron deficiency(B-)and full nutrition(CK),respectively.Patterns of changes in photosynthetic physiological parameters,dry matter accumulation and protective enzyme activity were analysed in the different treatments,which performed correlation analysis.The results showed that soybean plant height,SPAD value,fluorescence value and dry matter accumulation were significantly reduced under boron deficiency treatment.Compared to the full nutrition treatment under T6(8 d)treatment time,soybean plant height was reduced by 12.54%,SPAD value by 27.33%,fluorescence value by 4.41%and dry matter accumulation by 28.25%.Soybean seedlings under B-deficiency treatment and allotrophic conditions,protective enzyme activities(SOD,APX,CAT and POD)showed an increasing and then decreasing trend with increasing stress time.Malondialdehyde(MDA)content showed a constant increase.Among these,the enzyme activities of the plant showed higher roots than leaves.The dry matter accumulation of soybean was positively correlated with plant height,SPAD value,fluorescence value and APX activity,positively correlated with SOD,CAT,POD activity,and negatively correlated with MDA content.These results showed that boron deficiency inhibited the growth and development of soybean seedlings.These results showed that boron deficiency inhibited the growth and development of soybean seedlings.In the early stages of stress,the activity of these protective enzymes increased,which is maintained normal growth of soybean.However,the activity of these enzymes decreased significantly with time under stress.

关 键 词：大豆 硼素缺失 酶活性 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]