抗原检测及聚合酶链反应在医院甲乙型流感病毒检测中的应用  

Application comparison of antigen detection and PCR in hospital influenza A and B virus detection

作　　者：吴亚斌 杜世杰[1] 王铮华[1] Wu Yabin;Du Shijie;Wang Zhenghua(Department of Clinical Laboratory,Luoyang Central Hospital,Henan,Luoyang471000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省洛阳市中心医院检验科,河南洛阳471000

出　　处：《实用医技杂志》2023年第7期523-527,共5页Journal of Practical Medical Techniques

摘　　要：目的分析抗原检测及聚合酶链反应(PCR)在医院甲、乙型流感病毒检测中的临床应用价值,以期为临床早期诊断、制定治疗方案提供参考。方法选取河南省洛阳市中心医院2020年1月至2023年1月诊治的120例疑似流感患者作为研究对象,入院后均采集咽拭子标本,采用抗原(胶体金法)检测甲、乙型流感病毒,实时荧光定量PCR法检测甲、乙型流感病毒核酸,比较胶体金法、实时荧光定量PCR法检测甲、乙型流感病毒的性能,分析胶体金法、实时荧光定量PCR法的稳定性及不同病毒核酸载量的胶体金法检测敏感性。结果120例疑似流感患者胶体金法检测阳性89例(甲型49例、乙型40例),实时荧光定量PCR法阳性98例(甲型55例、乙型43例);两种方法特异度、敏感度相近,胶体金法检测用时仅为15 min,实时荧光定量PCR法用时需要3 h,胶体金法检测时间明显少于实时荧光定量PCR法;2种方法检测从性别、季节、年龄方面比较对阳性结果影响差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);胶体金法甲型流感病毒检测阳性、阴性样本核酸载量平均值比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);乙型阳性、阴性样本核酸载量平均值比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);2种试剂盒敏感性与标本病毒核酸载量呈正相关。结论胶体金法抗原检测及PCR均可用于医院甲、乙型流感病毒检测中,为临床筛查流感病毒提供参考,以制定相应干预方案。Objective To analyze the clinical application value of antigen detection and polymerase chain reaction(PCR)in the detection of influenza A and B virus in hospital,with a view to providing reference for early clinical diagnosis and formulation of treatment plans.Methods A total of 120 cases of suspected influenza patients in Henan Provinical Luoyang Central Hospital from March 2022 to February 2023 were selected as the research subjects,and throat swab samples were collected after admission.Influenza A and B viruses were detected by antigen(colloidal gold method),and influenza A and B virus nucleic acids were detected by PCR(real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR).The performance of colloidal gold method and real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR method in detecting influenza A and B viruses were compared the stability of real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR and the sensitivity of colloidal gold method for detection of different viral nucleic acid loads.Results The 120 patients with suspected influenza tested positive for colloidal gold in 89 cases(49 cases of type A and 40 cases of type b),and positive for real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR in 98 cases(55 cases of type A and 43 cases of type b).The sensitivity and specificity of the two detection methods were similar,but the detection time of colloidal gold method was only 15 minutes,while that of real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR method was 3 hours,and the detection time of colloidal gold method was significantly less than that of real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR method.There was no significant difference in gender,season and age between the two methods for detecting influenza A and B virus positive samples(P>0.05).The average nucleic acid load of positive and negative samples detected by colloidal gold method was significantly different(P<0.001);there was a significant difference in the average nucleic acid load between positive and negative samples(P<0.001).The sensitivity of the two kits were positively correlated with the viral nucleic acid

关 键 词：聚合酶链反应 正黏病毒科 抗原检测 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学]