儿童被忽视潜在类别及其在中学生人格与自我效能感间的调节作用  

The latent categories of child neglect and its moderating effect on personality and self-efficacy among middle school students

作　　者：郜珍妮 赵奕帆 杨世昌[1] Gao Zhenni;Zhao Yifan;Yang Shichang(The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University,Xinxiang 453002,China;Xinmi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital,Xinmi 452370,China)

机构地区：[1]新乡医学院第二附属医院,新乡453002 [2]新密市中医院,新密452370

出　　处：《中华行为医学与脑科学杂志》2023年第11期1025-1031,共7页Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science

摘　　要：目的了解儿童被忽视的潜在类别及其影响因素,探讨不同类别与人格、自我效能感的关系及其在两者之间的调节作用。方法采用儿童被忽视量表(child neglect scale,CNS)、艾森克人格问卷儿童版(Eysenck personality questionnaire,EPQ)、一般自我效能感量表(general self-efficacy scale,GSES)对新密市558名初中学生进行问卷调查。用Mplus 7.0软件、SPSS 26.0软件和PROCESS v3.5宏程序对数据进行潜在剖面分析、二项Logistic回归分析、独立样本t检验、调节效应检验。结果 (1)儿童被忽视可分为高危组[21.3%(109/551)]、低危组[78.7%(402/551)]。(2)年龄每增加1岁,其属于高危组的发生比增加33.4%(B=0.288,OR=1.334,P<0.05);与祖父母共同生活的初中生更易处于高危组(B=0.822,OR=2.275,P≤0.05)。(3)高危组在外向性、掩饰性、自我效能感得分[(51.803±9.877)分,(46.860±6.552)分,(23.321±5.448)分]显著低于低危组[(54.341±10.521)分,(48.981±6.548)分,(24.933±4.961)分],均差异有统计学意义(t=2.262,2.998,2.945,均P<0.05),而在神经质、精神质得分[(58.316±1.880)分,(56.536±10.663)分]显著高于低危组[(48.731±12.371)分,(49.850±9.562)分],均差异有统计学意义(t=-7.235,-6.314,均P<0.001)。(4)儿童被忽视潜在类别在精神质与自我效能感间起调节作用(B=-0.111,P<0.05)。对于低危组而言,精神质对自我效能感的预测作用不显著(B=-0.032,P=0.223);对于高危组而言,自我效能感随着精神质得分增加而显著下降(B=-0.143,P=0.002)。结论儿童被忽视可分为两个潜在类别,在中学生精神质与自我效能感之间具有调节作用。Objective To explore the latent categories of child neglect and its influencing factors,and to investigate the relationship among different categories,personality trait and self-efficacy,as well as the moderating effect of different categories.Methods A total of 558 middle school students in Xinmi were investigated by the child neglect scale,the Eysenck personality questionnaire,and the general self-efficacy scale.Mplus 7.0,SPSS 26.0 and PROCESS v3.5 softwares were used for latent profile analysis,binary Logistic regression analysis,independent samples t-test and moderating effect test.Results(1)Children were divided into"high-risk group"(21.3%(109/551)),"low-risk group"(78.7%(402/551)).(2)The occurrence ratio of the high-risk group increased by 33.4%every one year in age(B=0.288,OR=1.334,P<0.05).Middle school students who live with their grandparents were more likely to be in the high-risk group(B=0.822,OR=2.275,P≤0.05).(3)The scores of extraversion,lie and self-efficacy in high-risk group((51.803±9.877),(46.860±6.552),(23.321±5.448))were significantly lower than those in low-risk group((54.341±10.521),(48.981±6.548),(24.933±4.961))(t=2.262,2.998,2.945,all P<0.05),and the scores of neuroticism and psychoticism((58.316±1.880),(56.536±10.663))were significantly higher than those in low-risk group((48.731±12.371),(49.850±9.562))(t=-7.235,-6.314,both P<0.001).(4)The latent categories of child neglect played a moderating role between psychoticism and self-efficacy(B=-0.111,P<0.05).For the low-risk group,psychoticism had no significant predictive effect on self-efficacy(B=-0.032,P=0.223),for the high-risk group,self-efficacy showed a significant downward trend with the increase of psychoticism(B=-0.143,P=0.002).Conclusion Child neglect can be divided into two potential categories,which have a moderating effect on the relationship between psychoticism and self-efficacy of high school students.

关 键 词：儿童被忽视 人格 自我效能感 潜在剖面分析 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]