2010-2022年重庆市足月新生儿出生体重变化趋势及与父母生育年龄的关联分析  

The trend of birth weight of full-term newborns and its association with parental reproductive age in Chongqing municipality from 2010 to 2022

作　　者：唐努 王岚[1] 周文正[1] 周晓军[1] Tang Nu;Wang Lan;Zhou Wenzheng;Zhou Xiaojun(Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children/Women and Children′s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing 404100,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市妇幼保健院、重庆医科大学附属妇女儿童医院,重庆404100

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2023年第11期1794-1800,共7页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：重庆市妇幼疾病预防控制与公共卫生研究中心。

摘　　要：分析2010—2022年重庆市足月新生儿异常出生体重的变化趋势及与父母生育年龄的关联性。研究对象来源于重庆市出生医学信息系统纳入的出生医学证明签发个案,选取2010年1月至2022年12月出生的足月新生儿,提取父母信息及新生儿出生体重,采用Joinpoint回归模型分析2010—2022年子代低出生体重儿(LBW)和巨大儿发生率的变化趋势,采用logistic回归模型分析父母生育年龄与子代出生体重的关联性。本研究共纳入3155542名新生儿,出生体重(3305.8±410.5)g。Joinpoint回归模型显示,2010—2016年LBW发生率呈递减趋势(APC=-4.26%,P<0.05),2020—2022年呈递增趋势(APC=8.99%,P<0.05);2015—2022年巨大儿发生率呈递减趋势(APC=-3.37%,P<0.05)。logistic回归模型分析显示,与父母年龄均为20~34岁组相比,其他年龄组合中子代发生LBW的风险均升高;父母任一方<20岁时,子代发生巨大儿的风险与参照组相比均降低,父母均≥20岁时,子代发生巨大儿的风险随父母年龄升高而升高。综上,2010—2022年重庆市足月子代LBW发生率呈先下降后上升的趋势,巨大儿发生率呈先上升后下降趋势。父母均为低龄和高龄时,子代发生LBW的风险升高,父母均高龄也是子代发生巨大儿的危险因素。应同时关注父母高龄对子代出生体重的影响,并进一步控制低龄生育。To analyze the trend of abnormal birth weight of full-term newborns and its correlation with parental reproductive age in Chongqing municipality from 2010 to 2022.Based on the Chongqing Birth Certificate System,full-term newborns born from January 2010 to December 2022 were selected.Parental information and birth weight were abstracted from the system.The joinpoint regression model was used to assess the trend of incidence of low birth weight(LBW)and macrosomia in the offspring from 2010 to 2022.The logistic regression model was utilized to analyze the association between parental reproduction age and birth weight of newborns.The average birth weight of 3155542 newborns was(3305.8±410.5)g.The joinpoint regression model showed a decreasing trend for the incidence of LBW from 2010 to 2016(APC=-4.26%,P<0.05),and an increasing trend from 2020 to 2022(APC=8.99%,P<0.05).The incidence of macrosomia exhibited a decreasing trend from 2015 to 2022(APC=-3.37%,P<0.05).The logistic regression model showed that,compared to the group with parents aged 20-34 years,the risk of LBW increased in other age groups.The risk of macrosomia decreased when either parent was aged<20 years,and increased when both parents were aged≥20 years.In conclusion,from 2010 to 2022,the incidence of LBW in full-term offspring in Chongqing municipality decreased first and then increased,and the incidence of macrosomia increased first and then decreased.Both young and advanced parental age were associated with an increased risk of LBW in offspring,and advanced parental age was also associated with an increased risk of macrosomia in offspring.Attention should be paid to the effects of advanced maternal and paternal age on offspring birth weight.Further efforts to control childbearing at a young age were needed.

关 键 词：出生体重 生育年龄 低出生体重儿 巨大儿 横断面研究 

分 类 号：R17[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]