制硫炉余热锅炉出口过程气超温原因分析及处理措施  

Reason analysis and treatment measures for gas overtemperature at the outlet of waste heat boiler in sulphur making furnace

作　　者：王鹏[1] 朱冬[1] 杨尊志 WANG Peng;ZHU Dong;YANG Zunzhi(SINOPEC Jinan Refining&Chemical Company,Jinan,Shandong,250101,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石化济南炼化公司,山东济南250101

出　　处：《硫酸工业》2023年第5期51-55,共5页Sulphuric Acid Industry

摘　　要：介绍了济南炼化40 kt/a硫黄回收装置制硫炉余热锅炉的运行情况,针对余热锅炉出口过程气温度超出设计操作温度的问题,从硫黄回收装置生产负荷、余热锅炉壳程管束外壁结垢、制硫炉烧氨情况和酸性气带烃情况等四个方面进行分析,查找出过程气超温的主要原因是原料酸性气严重带烃,大量的烃在制硫炉内不完全燃烧形成积炭,富集在余热锅炉管束内壁,降低了余热锅炉的传热效率。通过采取向原料污水中注入破乳剂减少酸性气带烃、降低余热锅炉汽包压力和提高制硫炉配风量等优化措施,制硫炉余热锅炉出口过程气温度能够维持在安全范围内。另外,在装置停工检修期间利用高压水枪对余热锅炉管束内壁进行清洗,彻底解决了余热锅炉管束的积炭问题,确保装置长周期安全稳定运行。The operation of the waste heat boiler of the 40 kt/a sulphur recovery unit in Jinan Refining&Chemical Company is introduced.In response to the problem of the outlet gas temperature of the waste heat boiler exceeding the designed operating temperature,an analysis is conducted from four aspects:the production load of the sulphur recovery unit,the scaling on the outer wall of the waste heat boiler shell side tube bundle,the ammonia burning situation of the sulphur making furnace,and the hydrocarbon carrying situation of the acid gas.It is found that the main reason for the excessive temperature of the process gas is the severe hydrocarbon carrying of the raw acid gas,a large amount of hydrocarbons are incompletely burned in the sulphur making furnace to form carbon deposits,which accumulate on the inner wall of the waste heat boiler tube bundle,reducing the heat transfer efficiency of the waste heat boiler.By injecting demulsifiers into the raw wastewater to reduce acidic gas containing hydrocarbons,reducing the pressure of the waste heat boiler drum,and increasing the air distribution of the sulphur making furnace,optimization measures are taken to maintain the outlet process gas temperature of the waste heat boiler of the sulphur making furnace within a safe range.In addition,during the shutdown and maintenance period of the device,a high-pressure water gun was used to clean the inner wall of the waste heat boiler tube bundle,thoroughly solving the problem of carbon deposit in the waste heat boiler tube bundle,ensuring the long-term safe and stable operation of the device.

关 键 词：硫黄回收 余热锅炉 管束 酸性气 烃 积炭 

分 类 号：TK229.929[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]