碳中和目标下美国能源政策调整及其对中美博弈与合作的影响  

US Energy Policy Adjustments and Their Effects on Sino-US Competition&Cooperation Under the Carbon Neutrality Target

作　　者：高霄 周佳仪 胡湉 孙庆凯 GAO Xiao;ZHOU Jiayi;HU Tian;SUN Qingkai(Department of Foreign Studies,North China Electric Power University,Baoding 071003,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学英语系,河北保定071003

出　　处：《中国石油大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第6期57-63,共7页Journal of China University of Petroleum (Edition of Social Sciences)

基　　金：河北省社会科学基金项目(HB22YY003)。

摘　　要：继中国宣布碳达峰碳中和战略目标后,美国提出“3550”碳中和目标。美国2035年无碳发电和2050年净零排放目标的实现需要技术的强力支撑,同时会带来显著的经济效益;其能源政策调整背景与美国政党、就业、国际能源发展新变化及能源消费结构新特点紧密相关,政策调整内容涉及国内能源法案出台和国外能源政策变化,这种调整面临着“不可能三角”挑战;应对气候变化离不开中美两国的合作,但双方能源政策体系范式相反,尤其中美关系结构性问题,使双方能源领域合作前景存在不确定性乃至博弈。After China̍s announcement of its target of carbon peak by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060,the United States proposed its goal of net-zero emissions by 2035 and carbon neutrality by 2050 and adjusted its energy policies.The current paper analyzes American targets of carbon neutrality in details,explores its backgrounds,contents and challenges of adjustments of energy policies and judges the future of Sino-US competition and cooperation in terms of dealing with global climate change.The findings are listed as follows.American targets of carbon neutrality depend on the support of technological development as well as are of great benefit to economy.The adjustments are associated close-ly with governing values of Democratic Party,labor markets,global energy tendency and new characteristics of American energy consumption structure.Biden government issues energy acts at home and adjusts energy policies abroad,but faces the challenge of"impossible triangle".Sino-US cooperation are essential for tackling the climate change,but their opposite energy systems,especially the structural problem,result in uncertainty or even competition for energy cooperation prospect between the two countries.

关 键 词：碳中和目标 能源政策 全球气候治理 中美能源博弈 

分 类 号：F416.2[经济管理—产业经济] D87-1[政治法律—政治学] P467[政治法律—外交学]