采场支承压力全程动态演化特征及机理分析  

Characteristics and mechanism of stope abutment pressure during the whole process

作　　者：张震[1,2,3] 徐刚 高晓进[1,2,3] 黄志增 刘前进[1,2,3] 李正杰 ZHANG Zhen;XU Gang;GAO Xiaojin;HUANG Zhizeng;LIU Qianjin;LI Zhengjie(Coal Mining and Designing Branch,China Coal Research Institute,Beijing 100013,China;CCTEG Coal Mining Research Institute,Beijing 100013,China;Coal Mining&Designing Department,Tiandi Science&Technology Co Ltd,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]煤炭科学研究总院开采研究分院,北京100013 [2]中煤科工开采研究院有限公司,北京100013 [3]天地科技股份有限公司开采设计事业部,北京100013

出　　处：《采矿与安全工程学报》2023年第6期1219-1230,共12页Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering

基　　金：“科技助力经济2020”重点专项项目(SQ2020YFF0426364)。

摘　　要：为促进工作面及巷道围岩稳定性控制,利用应力监测装置对不同矿区采场支承压力进行了连续监测,总结了采场支承压力全程动态演化特征,分析了不同演化特征的机理。结果表明:采场超前支承压力的传递呈现“工作面中部向两端头扩展”的动态迁移特性,在工作面中部区域,应力的传递沿倾向方向具有同步性及均衡性,沿走向具有差异性及不均衡性,应力增量呈“工作面中部区域>临空侧>实体煤侧”的区域差异性。采场不同区域覆岩破断的时序性是超前支承压力动态迁移特性的根本原因,中部区域破断岩块同步整体回转的特性决定了应力传递的同步性及均衡性,岩块破断步距、回转角度的差别决定了应力传递的差异性及不均衡性,覆岩破断块度、空间位置决定了应力增量的区域差异性。采场侧向支承压力演化存在“单峰起伏”和“双峰起伏”两种形式,单峰状态下采空区侧向顶板处于长期悬顶状态,双峰状态下侧向顶板依次经历了破断、回转失稳及再稳定过程。工作面煤柱较宽时,双巷掘进、单侧工作面采动下,侧向支承压力呈“双承载点同步传递”的状态,侧向顶板偏载应力、煤柱内刚度区域差异化是双承载点同步传递的原因。该研究结论对工作面回撤通道支护、煤柱宽度优化的确定具有重要参考意义。In order to support the stability control for the surrounding rock of working face and roadway,the stress monitoring device was used to continuously monitor the stope abutment pressure in different mining areas. The entire dynamic evolution characteristics of stope abutment pressure are given and the mechanism of different evolution characteristics was analyzed. The results show that the transmission of the advancing abutment pressure presents a dynamic migration characteristic of“expanding from the middle of the working face to the areas at both ends”. The transmission along the inclined direction in the center of working face is synchronized and balanced. The stress increment displays the regional difference of“the middle area of the working face>the side of air>the side where the solid coal is not mined”due to the different and unbalanced transmission along the striking direction The primary cause of the dynamic migration characteristics of advanced abutment pressure is the order in which the overlaying strata fracture in various places of the stope The synchronism and balance of stress transmission are determined by the synchronous and integral rotation of fracture blocks in the central area of the working face. The difference and imbalance of stress transmission are determined by the differences in breaking steps and rotation angles of blocks,and the regional difference of stress increment is determined by fractured block size and spatial location. There are two types of evolution of the stope's lateral support pressure—“single-peak ups and downs”and“double-peak ups and downs”. Lateral roof of goaf is suspended in the unimodal condition for a long time,while the lateral roof has repeatedly gone through the processes of breaking,rotating instability,and re-stabilization under the bimodal state. When the coal pillars of the working face are wide,the lateral pressure transmission is in the state of“synchronous transmission of dual bearing points”under dual tunnel driving and single-sided m

关 键 词：采场支承压力 动态演化 分布特征 机理分析 

分 类 号：TD353[矿业工程—矿井建设]