铀对好氧颗粒污泥处理核工业废水的影响及机制探究  

Impact and Mechanisms of Uranium on Aerobic Granular Sludge Treatment of Nuclear Industry Wastewater

作　　者：邢建锋 杨雪峰[2] XING Jianfeng;YANG Xuefeng(CGN Environmental Protection Industry Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen 518000,China;China Institute of Atomic Energy,Beijing 102413,China)

机构地区：[1]中广核环保产业有限公司,广东深圳518000 [2]中国原子能科学研究院,北京102413

出　　处：《水处理技术》2023年第12期119-124,共6页Technology of Water Treatment

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金(51908302)。

摘　　要：为明确核工业废水内典型金属铀对好氧颗粒污泥(AGS)运行效能及微生物群落特征的影响,构建了实验室规模的AGS反应器,在中温条件下采用控制进水铀浓度的方法探究了铀含量对AGS处理核工业废水运行效能的影响。结果表明,铀对AGS的影响与其含量密切相关,低于0.05mg/L对AGS运行效能影响不明显,而超过0.1mg/L铀显著降低了AGS对污染物和营养盐的去除,并影响了微生物代谢活性及群落结构。当铀浓度为1.0mg/L时,COD升高至50.5~57.3mg/L,去除效率下降至77.6%~79.2%。此外,高浓度铀降低了AGS对营养盐的去除。超过0.1mg/L铀降低了AGS内污泥浓度,提高了胞外聚合物(EPS)含量。高含量铀降低了微生物的代谢活性,降低比耗氧速率(SOUR)和脱氢酶活性。微生物学分析揭示高含量铀降低了AGS内门水平上Proteobacteria、Bacteroidota,属水平上Nitrosomonas和unclassified_Comamonadaceae的相对丰度。本研究为AGS处理含铀核工业废水提供了一定的借鉴。To investigate the influence of typical metal uranium on the performance and microbial community characteristics of aerobic granular sludge(AGS)in the treatment of nuclear industry wastewater,a laboratory-scale AGS reactor was constructed.The effect of uranium concentration on the performance of AGS in treating nuclear industry wastewater was studied under controlled uranium influent concentrations at moderate temperatures.The results showed that the impact of uranium on AGS was closely related to its concentration.Uranium below 0.05 mg/L had insignificant effects on the performance of AGS,while concentrations exceeding 0.1 mg/L significantly reduced the removal of pollutants and nutrients by AGS and affected microbial metabolic activity and community structure.When the uranium concentration was 1.0 mg/L,the effluent chemical oxygen demand(COD)concentration increased to 50.5 mg/L to 57.3 mg/L,and the removal efficiency decreased to 77.6%to 79.2%.Moreover,high uranium concentrations reduced the removal of nutrients by AGS.Uranium concentrations above 0.1 mg/L reduced the sludge concentration in AGS and increased the extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)content.High uranium concentrations reduced microbial metabolic activity,specific oxygen uptake rate(SOUR),and dehydrogenase activity.Microbial analysis revealed that high uranium concentrations reduced the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Bacteroidota at the phylum level and Nitrosomonas and unclassified_Comamonadaceae at the genus level in AGS.This study provides valuable insights for the treatment of uranium-containing nuclear industry wastewater using AGS.

关 键 词：好氧颗粒污泥 核工业废水 COD 营养盐 比耗氧速率 微生物群落 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]