生活污水集中收集处理率精准核算方法的对比分析  

Comparative Analysis of Accurate Accounting Methods of Domestic Sewage Collection Rate

作　　者：李璇 蒋永伟 曹蕾 张皓驰 LI Xuan;JIANG Yong-wei;CAO Lei;ZHANG Hao-chi(Jiangsu Environmental Engineering Technology Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 210019,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省环境工程技术有限公司,江苏南京210019

出　　处：《环境科技》2023年第6期59-63,共5页Environmental Science and Technology

基　　金：江苏省自然科学基金面上项目(BK20221564);江苏省生态环境科研项目(2022028);江苏省环保集团科研项目(2006),。

摘　　要：客观准确评估现有污水集中收集处理率,是精准指导环境基础设施建设的重要支撑。国内现阶段对生活污水集中收集处理率的核算主要有水量法、五日生化需氧量(BOD_(5))法和化学需氧量(COD)法,对3种计算方法的基本思路、方法差异、优缺点进行剖析,并通过案例进行说明。水量法计算简单,但易出现指标虚高的情况;BOD法的数据主要来自统计数据,最小核算单元为行政区域,核算效率相对较高,而COD法的最小单元为单个污水处理厂覆盖区域,基础数据主要来自供、排水户和水质、水量自动在线监测,且扣除了污水处理厂收集处理的工业企业生产废水COD总量,方法更加精准,但工作量较大。Objectively assessment of the domestic sewage collection rate is one of the key factors to guide the construction of environmental infrastructure.At present,the main accounting methods for the domestic sewage collection rate in China are the Water Quantity Method,the BOD_(5) Method and the COD Method.The design ideas,working process and calculation results of the three methods are analyzed and illustrated by concrete examples.The"Water Quantity Method"is simple to calculate,but it is easy to have false high indicators.The data of"BOD Method"is mainly from statistical data,and the smallest unit is the administrative region,which has high accounting efficiency.The smallest unit of the"COD Method"is the covered area of a single sewage treatment plant,and the data mainly comes from production and monitoring,which has a large amount of information and is convenient for data mining.

关 键 词：区域水环境 生活污水 收集率 污水处理厂 

分 类 号：X7[环境科学与工程—环境工程]