哥伦比亚左翼政党的发展韧性研究  

A Study on the Development Resilience of Left Political Parties in Colombia

作　　者：张芯瑜 张裕栋 Zhang Xinyu;Zhang Yudong

机构地区：[1]中山大学国际翻译学院 [2]中山大学拉美研究中心,珠海519082

出　　处：《当代世界社会主义问题》2023年第3期113-125,167,共14页Issues of Contemporary World Socialism

基　　金：教育部国别和区域研究专项课题(2022-N54)。

摘　　要：哥伦比亚左翼势力具有较强的发展韧性,从20世纪20年代成立首个左翼政党至今,大致经历了萌芽期、初创期、武装斗争期、转型期与联合重组期五个阶段。这一发展韧性源于其在复杂的政治实践中,主动适应环境并有效应对危机的特质与能力。2022年6月,哥伦比亚左翼政党联盟候选人古斯塔沃·佩特罗在大选中胜出,成为该国历史上首位左翼总统,这一事件助推了拉美地区左翼政党新一轮执政浪潮的到来。左翼政党联盟首度获胜,既有社会矛盾日益激化和右翼势力遭到削弱的外在原因,也有左翼政治势力迎合民众的“求变”心理、积极回应国家政治生活中的重要议题、组建包容性竞选联盟等内在原因。哥伦比亚左翼政党未来进一步具备成长和发展的空间,但当前面临着执政联盟组织建设滞后、治理能力薄弱、右翼势力强大等多重挑战。左翼政府能否实现其改革愿景,对该国左翼政党未来的发展起着重至关重要的作用。The left-wing politics in Colombia has strong development resilience,it has roughly gone through five stages:embryonic stage,initial stage,armed struggle stage,transformation stage,and joint restructuring stage.This political resilience refers to its characteristics and abilities to actively adapt to the environment and effectively respond to crises in complex political practices.In June 2022,Gustavo Petro,the candidate for the Colombian left-wing coalition,won the national election and became the first-ever left-wing president.This event boosted the arrival of a new wave of left-wing political parties taking power in Latin America.The leftwing coalition won for the first time due to both external reasons such as the increasing intensification of social conflicts and the weakening of right-wing politics,as well as internal reasons such as the left-wing politics catering to public demands,actively responding to important issues related to national development,and forming an inclusive electoral alliance.There is room for Colombia's left political parties to grow and develop,but they still face multiple challenges such as a lack of organizational construction of the ruling coalition,the problem of weak governance abilities,and competition from relatively powerful right-wing politics.Whether Colombia's left-wing government can achieve its reform vision is crucial for the development of the left-wing political parties.

关 键 词：哥伦比亚 左翼政党 获胜原因 发展前景 

分 类 号：D564[政治法律—政治学] D777.5[政治法律—国际政治]