苏州市新型冠状病毒既往感染者再感染情况调查分析  

Investigation of 2019-nCoV reinfection in previously infected people in Suzhou

作　　者：张媛媛 杭惠 许倩 刘成[1] 谭亚运[1] 崔朋伟[1] 包林[1] 刘慧 路珊珊 徐凤 庞媛媛[1] 田歌 张钧[1] 朱杰 陈立凌[1] Zhang Yuanyuan;Hang Hui;Xu Qian;Liu Cheng;Tan Yayun;Cui Pengwei;Bao Lin;Liu Hui;Lu Shanshan;Xu Feng;Pang Yuanyuan;Tian Ge;Zhang Jun;Zhu Jie;Chen Liling(Department of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention,Suzhou Prefectural Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Suzhou 215000,China;Suzhou Health Planning Statistics Information Center,Suzhou 215000,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州市疾病预防控制中心传染病防制科,苏州215000 [2]苏州市卫生计生统计信息中心,苏州215000

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》2023年第11期1756-1761,共6页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

基　　金：苏州市2022年度第二十七批科技发展计划(社会发展科技创新)项目(2022SS14);苏州市2020年度第二十九批科技发展计划(民生科技)项目(SS202073);苏州市第五批姑苏卫生人才培养项目(GSWS2019024);苏州市医学重点扶持学科项目(SZFCXK202146);国家疾控局监测预警司基层传染病监测预警能力建设研究项目;江苏省卫健委2023年度定向委托研究重点项目(DX202302)。

摘　　要：目的了解新型冠状病毒(新冠病毒)既往感染者的再感染率,比较分析再感染者和初次感染者的疾病严重程度及预后。方法对2020年1月22日至2022年11月8日苏州市报告的新冠病毒既往感染者开展2022年12月8日至2023年1月18日新冠病毒感染情况问卷调查。1∶2成组匹配,从苏州市新冠病毒感染社区随访队列人群中选取与再感染者居住社区、年龄组和性别相同的初次感染者,采用χ^(2)检验比较再感染者和初次感染者感染后的临床症状和预后情况。结果既往感染者的再感染率为13.01%(147/1130);初次感染1~6个月未发现再感染者,距初次感染间隔时间7~12个月和≥24个月者再感染率分别为10.59%(95/897)和45.61%(52/114)。完成新冠病毒疫苗加强免疫4剂次的既往感染者再感染率最低(9.09%,1/11)。再感染者感染后出现的主要症状与初次感染者基本相同,除干咳、恶心/纳差和其他症状外,其余各项临床症状在两组间差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05),最高体温低于初次感染者且发热持续时间短。再感染者的就诊率为4.08%(6/147),低于初次感染者的11.56%(34/294)。再感染者感染后核酸/抗原转阴时间和自我感觉明显好转/症状基本消失时间短于初次感染者。结论新冠病毒既往感染者中存在再感染,再感染距初次感染的间隔时间和疫苗加强免疫4剂次是再感染率的影响因素;再感染者较初次感染者就诊率低,症状较轻、感染后恢复更快。Objective To understand the reinfection rate of 2019-nCoV in the previously infected population in Suzhou and compare the illness severity and prognosis of the reinfection cases with the first-time infection cases.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted in the persons with previous 2019-nCoV infection reported in Suzhou from January 22,2020 to November 8,2022 to collect the information about the incidence of reinfection of 2019-nCoV in this population from December 8,2022 to January 18,2023.The persons who were infected with 2019-nCoV for the first time were selected by marching the residence,age and gender at ratio of 1∶2 from 2019-nCoV infection community follow-up cohort of Suzhou.Byχ^(2)test,the clinical symptoms and prognosis of the reinfection case and the first-time infection cases were compared.Results The reinfection rate of 2019-nCoV was 13.01%(147/1130)in Suzhou.No reinfection was found within 1-6 months after the first-time infection,the rate of reinfection was 10.59%(95/897)in those with interval of 7-12 months between the reinfection and the first-time infection and 45.61%(52/114)in those with the interval≥24 months.The lowest reinfection rate was 9.09%(1/11)in those who had completed 4 doses of 2019-nCoV vaccination.The main symptoms of the reinfection cases were similar to those of the first-time infection cases.Except for dry cough,nausea/poor appetite and other symptoms,there were significant differences in other clinical symptoms between the two groups(P<0.05).In the reinfection cases,fever had shorter duration with lower body temperature.The hospital visit rate in the reinfection cases was 4.08%(6/147),lower than that in the cases with the first-time infection(11.56%,34/294).The time for negative nucleic acid(antigen)test result and recovery from illness after the reinfection were shorter than those after the first-time infection.Conclusions Reinfection occurred in some people who had been infected with 2019-nCoV.The interval between the reinfection and the first-time infection and t

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒感染 再感染 

分 类 号：R511[医药卫生—内科学] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]