无锡近代风景区概念的形成与发展  

Formation and Development of the Concept of Scenic Area of Wuxi in Modern Era

作　　者：傅舒兰[1] 潘丁琳 FU Shulan;PAN Dinglin(College of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Zhejiang University)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学建筑工程学院

出　　处：《风景园林》2023年第12期79-85,共7页Landscape Architecture

摘　　要：【目的】风景区作为利用传统风景资源推进城市与区域发展的一种手段,其概念形成于近代,也是当代风景名胜区制度建立的历史基础。无锡不仅较早提出规划近郊风景区,同时也主导推进了国立太湖公园的建设,是近代风景区概念形成与发展过程中的典型案例,因而有必要对近代无锡风景区的形成和发展做细致梳理。【方法/过程】以历史文献为支撑,选取并分析了无锡近代城市发展的重要理念和建设实践。研究材料包括历次风景名胜资源调查、城市分区规划、景观规划、国家公园规划等相关政府文件、文章和新闻报道。认为无锡近代风景区概念的产生和发展经历了风景资源积累期、风景利用思想萌芽期、风景区建设期、国家公园引入期4个时期。【结果/结论】无锡在城市近代化建设的背景下,提出并通过相应规划建设实践完善了风景区的概念。近代诞生的“利用传统风景资源促进城市发展”的概念接近当代风景遗产保护思想,不仅为当代风景名胜区制度确立提供了早期的思想基础与实践经验,同时也提示了风景区易受城市发展总体布局调整和跨区域协同性低等不利因素影响的局限性。[Objective] The concept of scenic area took shape in modern era.“Scenic area”was a vehicle for using traditional scenic resources to promote urban and regional development at that time,while nowadays,it also serves as the historical basis for the establishment of the contemporary scenic area system in China.Wuxi not only proposed the planning of suburban scenic areas in the early time,but also led and promoted the construction of the Taihu Lake National Park,constituting a typical case during the formation and development of the scenic area system in modern era.Therefore,it is necessary to review in detail the formation and development of the scenic area of Wuxi,and clarify the historical process,role and implications thereof.[Methods/process] Supported by relevant historical literature,this research selects and analyzes some important ideas and construction practices in the modern urban development of Wuxi.The research materials include relevant government documents,articles and news reports related to scenic resource surveys,urban zoning planning,landscape planning,and national park planning.The research reveals that in Wuxi,the formation and development of the concept of scenic area has gone through four periods before and after modern times.[Results/conclusion] Before modern times,after a long-term accumulation of landscape resources,Wuxi formed a number of scenic areas with local landscape characteristics.During this period,the framework for investigation and combing of landscape resources in Wuxi that started to took shape in Ming Dynasty,was gradually finalized,covering natural landscape,gardens,shrines,temples,etc.The second stage was the early years of the Republic of China.The local gentry in Wuxi,represented by Rong Desheng,advocated the use of landscape resources to promote urban modernization,and proposed the concept of building scenic areas in urban development.Later,under the background of opening up commercial districts in the 1920s,the construction of local scenic areas was further promoted,a

关 键 词：城市近代化 国家公园 风景区 江苏无锡 荣德生 孙祖基 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]