3D中空碳微球用作高性能的微波吸收剂  

3D hollow carbon microspheres as high-performance microwave absorbers

作　　者：陈奕泽 张凤草 肖磊 何易轩 项晟皓 赵栋[1] CHEN Yize;ZHANG Fengcao;XIAO Lei;HE Yixuan;XIANG Chenghao;ZHAO Dong(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Soochow University,Suzhou 215021,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学机电工程学院,江苏苏州215021

出　　处：《兵器材料科学与工程》2023年第6期106-112,共7页Ordnance Material Science and Engineering

基　　金：苏州大学“大学生创新创业训练计划”。

摘　　要：碳球材料具有比表面积高、密度低、化学稳定性及热稳定性优异等特点,其微结构对吸波性能有显著影响。采用模板法制备了两种中空结构的碳球材料用于改善吸波性能,分别为硬模板法制备的中空碳球(HCS-1)和软模板法制备的中空碳球(HCS-2),经800℃高温碳化后测量材料的复介电常数,计算反射损耗并探究吸波性能。结果表明:中空结构能提高碳球材料比表面积,降低材料密度,使材料具有优异的电磁波吸收性能。当HCS-1的厚度为4 mm时,材料在8.02~13.05 GHz内反射损耗值小于-10 dB,有效吸波带宽为5.03 GHz。当HCS-2的厚度为2.5 mm时,13.6 GHz处的反射损耗值最小,为-24.5 dB。中空结构在改善材料阻抗匹配的同时也提高了电磁波多次反射和散射概率,带来了更多的界面极化,实现了对电磁波的有效吸收。Carbon sphere materials are characterised by high specific surface area,low density,excellent chemical and thermal stability,and their microstructure has a significant impact on their wave absorption properties.Two kinds of carbon spheres with hollow structure were prepared by the template method to improve the wave absorption performance,including hollow carbon sphere HCS⁃1 prepared by hard template method and that HCS⁃2 prepared by soft template method.The complex dielectric constants of the materials were measured,the reflection loss was calculated and the wave absorption performance was investigated after high temperature carbonisation at 800℃.The results show that the hollow structure increases the specific surface area,reduces the material density of carbon spheres and has excellent electromagnetic wave absorption properties.When the thickness of HCS⁃1 is 4 mm,the reflection loss is less than-10 dB in the range of 8.02⁃13.05 GHz,and the effective absorption bandwidth is 5.03 GHz.When the thickness of HCS⁃2 is 2.5 mm,the reflection loss at 13.6 GHz is the lowest,-24.5 dB.The hollow structure improves the material impedance matching and increases the probability of multiple reflections and scattering of electromagnetic waves,resulting in more interfacial polarisation and effective absorption of electromagnetic waves.

关 键 词：中空碳球(HCS) 硬模板法 软模板法 吸波性能 阻抗匹配 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]