索引的本质属性及其在学术规范与评价中的作用  

The Essential Attribute of Index and Its Function in Academic Norm and Evaluation

作　　者：叶继元[1] YE Jiyuan(School of Information Management,Nanjing University,Nanjing,210023)

机构地区：[1]南京大学信息管理学院,南京210023

出　　处：《图书情报知识》2023年第6期61-67,共7页Documentation,Information & Knowledge

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“新时代我国文献信息资源保障体系重构研究”(19ZDA346)的研究成果之一。

摘　　要：[目的/意义]索引是检索、统计、分析信息的利器,是图书情报学/信息资源管理研究的核心内容。数据库具有索引的功能,现代索引就是“数据库”。加强索引及数据库在学术规范与评价上的研究和实践,对于坚守图书情报学/信息资源管理的核心内容,适度扩展到相关学术领域或公共学术话题,具有重要意义。[研究设计/方法]利用概念分析法,探讨索引原理及其推论、索引与目录、目次和数据库的关系。利用典型案例分析法,分析各类型索引、数据库在学术规范和评价上的作用。[结论/发现]源文献抽取、注出出处、“异排”是索引区别于目录、目次等类似检索工具的“本质属性”。根据索引的原理,可以推出四大命题。索引及数据库在学术规范与评价方面有重要作用,但索引等技术手段仅是辅助工具。[创新/价值]提出“异排”一词来概括索引的独特性。同时概括出索引的本质属性及其原理和四大推论,率先将索引、数据库与学术规范与评价的关系明确地关联起来。[Purpose/Significance]Index is a powerful tool for information retrieval,statistics and analysis.It is the core content of the research on library and information science/information resource management.Database has the function of index,modern index is"database".Strengthening the research and practice of academic norm and evaluation of indexes and databases is of great significance to strengthen the research and practice of index and database to stick to the core content of library and information science/information resource management and to extend it to related academic fields or public academic topics.[Design/Methodology]Using the method of concept analysis,this paper discusses the principle of index and its corollary,the relationship between index and catalog,item and database.Using the method of typical case analysis,this paper analyzes the functions of various types of indexes and databases in academic norm and evaluation.[Findings/Conclusion]The essential attributes of index are extraction of source documents,annotation of provenance and"Dissimilar ordering",which distinguish index from similar search tools such as catalogue and bibliography.According to the principle of index,four propositions can be derived.Index and database play an important role in academic norm and evaluation,but the technical means such as index are only auxiliary tools.[Originality/Value]In this paper,the term"Dissimilar ordering"is first proposed to summarize the uniqueness of index;meanwhile,the essential attributes,principles and four corollaries of index are generalized.It is the first time to associate indexes,databases with academic norm and evaluation.

关 键 词：索引 数据库 学术规范 学术评价 信息资源组织 信息资源检索 

分 类 号：G257.5[文化科学—图书馆学]