永磁体形性特征对磁水复合支撑式艉轴承润滑特性的影响  

Influence of Shape Characteristics of Permanent Magnet on Lubrication Characteristics of Magnetic-water Hydraulic Supported Stern Bearing

作　　者：吕圣 丁政 何涛[3] 赵滨 卢熙群[1] LYU Sheng;DING Zheng;HE Tao;ZHAO Bin;LU Xiqun(College of Power and Energy Engineering,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin Heilongjiang 150001,China;Henan Diesel Engine Industry Co.,Ltd.,Luoyang Henan 471003,China;Wuhan Second Ship Design and Research Institute,Wuhan Hubei 430205,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工程大学动力与能源工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150001 [2]河南柴油机重工有限责任公司技术中心,河南洛阳471003 [3]武汉第二船舶设计研究所,湖北武汉430205

出　　处：《润滑与密封》2023年第11期20-28,共9页Lubrication Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52271312);国家自然科学基金青年项目(51809057);湖北省自然科学基金创新群体项目(2019CFA024)。

摘　　要：螺旋桨重力会导致船舶推进轴系发生挠曲,造成艉轴承边缘润滑状态恶劣。采用一种磁水复合支撑形式的艉轴承,通过引入永磁体磁力作用,改善桨重因素对艉轴承边缘润滑状态的不利影响;构建永磁体三维磁力特性分析方法,探究不同永磁体材料磁性质和布置形式对磁力承载性能的影响规律;基于艉轴承弹性流体动压润滑分析方法,获取永磁体形性特征对润滑特性的影响规律。结果表明:磁承载力受永磁体材料剩磁的影响明显,材料剩磁越大,永磁体承载力越大,轴承润滑状态相对越好;沿周向增加磁块数目或增加永磁块轴向长度可以增大永磁体的承载力,但永磁体承载效率可能下降,设计时需综合考虑;磁体的布置形式也对磁力承载性能和润滑性能影响显著,在永磁体体积相同的情况下,更为合理的布置形式可使永磁体承载力与艉轴承最小水膜厚度明显增大。Propeller gravity will cause ship propulsion shafting deflection,resulting in poor lubrication on the edge of stern bearing.A magnetic-water hydraulic supported stern bearing was adopted,which can improve the adverse effect of propeller weight on the edge lubrication state of stern bearing by introducing the magnetic force of permanent magnet.The analysis method of three-dimensional magnetic characteristics of permanent magnet was constructed,and the influence of magnetic properties and shape characteristics of permanent magnet on magnetic bearing performance was explored.Based on the analysis method of elastic hydrodynamic lubrication of stern bearing,the influence of permanent magnet magnetic prop⁃erties and shape characteristics on lubrication characteristics was obtained.The results show that the magnetic bearing ca⁃pacity is obviously affected by the remanence of the permanent magnet material.The larger the remanence of the material,the greater the bearing capacity of the permanent magnet,and the better the lubrication state of the bearing.Increasing the number of permanent magnets along the circumferential direction or increasing the axial length of permanent magnets can increase the bearing capacity of permanent magnets,but the bearing efficiency of permanent magnets may decrease,which should be considered comprehensively in design.The arrangement of the magnet also has a significant effect on the magnetic bearing performance and lubrication performance.In the case of the same volume of the permanent magnet,a more reasona⁃ble arrangement can significantly increase the bearing capacity of the permanent magnet and the minimum water film thick⁃ness of the stern bearing.

关 键 词：艉轴承 水润滑永磁轴承 承载能力 磁水复合支撑 润滑特性 

分 类 号：TH133.31[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]