铝合金建筑型材圆锯片锯切振动特性分析  

Analysis of Sawing Vibration Characteristics of Circular Saw Blades for Wrought Aluminum Alloy Extruded Profiles for Architecture

作　　者：路来骁 焦守荣 阎玉芹[1] 朱燕明 秦美镇 孙捷 LU Laixiao;JIAO Shourong;YAN Yuqin;ZHU Yanming;QIN Meizhen;SUN Jie(School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering,Shandong Jianzhu University,Jinan Shandong 250101,China;Jiangsu Hengshang Energy Conservation Technology Co.,Ltd.,Wuxi Jiangsu 214117,China)

机构地区：[1]山东建筑大学机电工程学院,山东济南250101 [2]江苏恒尚节能科技股份有限公司,江苏无锡214117

出　　处：《机床与液压》2023年第21期120-127,共8页Machine Tool & Hydraulics

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金(ZR2023ME153);山东省自然科学基金面上项目(ZR2022ME186);国家自然科学基金(51905313)。

摘　　要：在铝合金建筑型材圆锯片切削过程中,型材因受到圆锯片周期性冲击而产生振动和噪声,严重影响了加工效率以及加工质量。设计圆锯片锯切铝合金建筑型材单因素实验,研究不同进给速度下铝合金建筑型材的锯切振动特性。时域分析结果显示,振动信号会随着锯切位置的变化呈现出明显的分段特性,振动最剧烈阶段的振动加速度峰值是振动最平稳阶段的3倍以上,说明以横向翼板类结构为代表的典型型材结构会对振动信号产生显著影响。通过频谱分析,型材锯切振动的峰值频率与圆锯片转动频率不存在倍数关系,说明转动频率不是影响型材锯切振动的主要因素,并且振动能量会随着进给速度的提高逐渐由低频处向高频处转移。随着进给速度由25.0 mm/s提高到75.0 mm/s,进给方向振动加速度的峰值由1669.91 m/s2逐渐增大至2001.59 m/s2,提高了19.86%;垂直进给方向振动加速度的峰值由932.52 m/s2逐渐增大至1097.30 m/s2,提高了17.67%。结果表明:铝合金建筑型材的各种组成结构对圆锯片锯切振动的影响远大于进给速度对其产生的影响。During the cutting process of circular saw blades for wrought aluminum alloy extruded profiles for architecture,the vibration and noise of the profile due to the periodic impact of the circular saw blade seriously affect the processing efficiency and quality.A single-factor cutting experiment of aluminum alloy profiles with circular saw blade was designed to study the vibration characteristics at different feed rates.The results of time domain analysis show that the vibration signal has obvious subsection characteristics with the change of sawing position,and the difference between the peak vibration acceleration at different sawing stages is generally more than three times of the minimum value,which indicates that some typical structure has a significant impact on the vibration,such as the transverse flange structure.Through the frequency domain analysis,there is no multiple relationship between the peak frequency of sawing vibration and the rotation frequency,indicating that the rotation frequency is not the main factor affecting the vibration of the sawing process for aluminum alloy profiles.Moreover,with the increase of feed speed,the vibration energy gradually transfers from low frequency to high frequency.With the increase of feed speed from 25.0 mm/s to 75.0 mm/s,the maximum value of vibration acceleration in the feed direction gradually increased from 1669.91 m/s2 to 2001.59 m/s2,increasing by 19.86%.While,in the vertical feed direction,it is gradually increased from 932.52 m/s2 to 1097.30 m/s2,increasing by 17.67%.The results show that the various structures in the wrought aluminum alloy extruded profiles for architecture have a much greater effect on sawing vibration than the effect produced by the feed speed.

关 键 词：锯切 铝合金建筑型材 振动特性 时域分析 频域分析 

分 类 号：TH161.6[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TU512.4[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]