不同来源外泌体与骨质疏松症的研究进展  

Research progress on exosomes derived from different stem cells and osteoporosis

作　　者：吴世祥 尹恒[1,2] 马勇[1] 崔恒燕[2] 武豪 李青融 韩保国 倪志明 张亚峰[1] WU Shixiang;YIN Heng;MA Yong;CUI Hengyan;WU Hao;LI Qingrong;HAN Baoguo;NI Zhiming;ZHANG Yafeng(Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Nanjing 210023,China;Wuxi Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Wuxi 214071,China)

机构地区：[1]南京中医药大学,江苏南京210023 [2]南京中医药大学无锡附属医院,江苏无锡214071

出　　处：《中国骨质疏松杂志》2023年第11期1645-1650,共6页Chinese Journal of Osteoporosis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81973878);南中医自然基金项目(XZR2020082);江苏省中医退行性骨关节病临床医学创新中心项目(2021040501);2021无锡市中医药管理局项目(ZYKJ202110)。

摘　　要：外泌体是膜脂囊泡与细胞内多细胞体融合,然后释放到细胞外环境进行作用。它们含有多种生物活性物质,包括蛋白质、mRNA、miRNA、lncRNA、circRNA、脂质、转录因子和细胞因子受体。外泌体可以来源于多种细胞,例如脂肪干细胞、骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSC)、成骨细胞、破骨细胞、脐带间充质干细胞。外泌体可以通过调节细胞的分化在骨重建中发挥作用,基因工程技术与基于外泌体的药物递送相结合可以治疗骨代谢异常疾病。本文总结了来源于不同干细胞外泌体(即脂肪干细胞、BMSCs、成骨细胞、破骨细胞和脐间带充质干细胞)通过蛋白质、mRNA和非编码RNA调节骨骼微环境的生物学现象,旨在通过探讨外泌体在骨微环境中的作用,为临床治疗骨相关代谢性疾病提供理论依据,为在临床上治疗骨质疏松症奠定基础。Exosomes are membrane lipovesicles that fuse with intracellular multicellular bodies and are then released into the extracellular environment.They contain a variety of biologically active substances,including proteins,mRNA,miRNAs,lncRNAs,circRNAs,lipids,transcription factors,and cytokine receptors.Exosomes can be derived from a variety of cells,such as adipose stem cells,bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs),osteoblasts,osteoclasts,umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells.Exosomes play a role in bone remodeling by regulating cell proliferation and differentiation,and genetic engineering techniques combined with exosome-based drug delivery can treat bone metabolic diseases.In this review,pathways derived from different stem cell exosomes(i.e.,adipos stem cells,BMSCs,osteoblasts,osteoclasts,and interumbilical band mesenchymal stem cells)regulate the bone microenvironment through proteins,mRNA,and non-coding RNAs.By exploring the role of exosomes in the bone microenvironment,this paper provides a theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of bone-related metabolic diseases and Laying the foundation for the clinical treatment of osteoporosis.

关 键 词：外泌体 骨质疏松症 脂肪干细胞 成骨细胞 破骨细胞 骨髓间充质干细胞 脐带间充质干细胞 

分 类 号：R589.5[医药卫生—内分泌]