双条件假设句类型及允准条件  

Types and Permissible Conditions of Biconditional Hypothetical Sentences

作　　者：朱斌[1] 段佳璇 ZHU Bin;DUAN Jia-xuan(Central China Normal University,Hubei;Institute of Linguistics of Xinjiang Academy of Social Sciences,Xinjiang)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学文学院,湖北武汉430079 [2]新疆社科院语言所,新疆乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《汉语学习》2023年第6期12-23,共12页Chinese Language Learning

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大招标项目“现代汉语源流考”(项目编号:22&ZD294);教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目“汉语排他性范畴研究”(项目编号:20YJA740046)资助。

摘　　要：假设句能够通过条件焦点化的假设“真值否定”进行预期推理,表达充分而又必要的双条件(Biconditionals)或条件完美(Conditional Perfection)。在“如果A,那么B,否则C”句式中,“双条件”则是由假设的充分条件或必要条件,与否定这个充分或必要条件的真值得到的反转必要或充分条件合并而成。假设句有三种类型可以形成双条件句:一是部分充分条件假设句;二是反说必要条件假设句;三是限制性目的假设句。这三种双条件假设句有两个共同的允准条件:一是待议条件焦点化引发假设“真值否定”;二是充分条件和必要条件的排他性统合。Hypothetical sentences is assumed that sentences can make expected reasoning through“implicit truth negation”with conditional focus,and express sufficient and necessary Biconditionals or Conditional Perfection.In the sentence pattern of“If A,then B,otherwise C”,the Biconditionals are the combination of the assumed sufficient condition or necessary condition and the inverted necessary or sufficient condition which denies the truth value of this sufficient or necessary condition.Among the six semantic types of hypothetical sentences,there are generally three types that can form biconditional sentences:one is partially sufficient conditional hypothetical sentences;The second is the counterstatement necessary condition hypothetical sentence;Three is a restrictive purpose hypothesis sentence.Generally speaking,these three kinds of biconditional hypothetical sentences have two common permissible conditions:first,the focus of the condition to be discussed leads to“implicit truth negation”;The second is the exclusive integration of sufficient condition and necessary condition.

关 键 词：双条件 假设句 允准条件 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]