动车组排雪特性影响因素仿真分析  

Influencing factors of snow discharge characteristics of Motor Train Units based on simulation

作　　者：陈文宾 于洋洋 张鹏 姚曙光[2] CHEN Wenbin;YU Yangyang;ZHANG Peng;YAO Shuguang(CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266111,China;Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track of Ministry of Education,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China)

机构地区：[1]中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司,山东青岛266111 [2]中南大学轨道交通安全教育部重点实验室,湖南长沙410075

出　　处：《铁道科学与工程学报》2023年第11期4050-4061,共12页Journal of Railway Science and Engineering

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(2021JJ30853)。

摘　　要：探寻运行速度和排障雪犁张角对动车组除雪特性的影响规律,是解决积雪环境下动车组运营效率及运行安全问题的关键举措。采用光滑粒子流体力学(SPH)方法模拟雪堆,构建动车组−雪堆−轨道耦合动力学仿真模型,研究运行速度40,80,120,160和180 km/h和张角60°,90°和120°对雪粒子运动状态和动车组排雪阻抗力、轮重减载率的影响。研究结果表明:积雪沿着雪犁外形向两侧推开,雪粒子运动呈抛物线状,飞雪轨迹均未遮挡司机室视野;排障雪犁张角为60°时,随着动车组运行速度从40 km/h增加到180 km/h,雪粒子距离地面最大垂向高度从1419 mm增加到4433 mm;纵向阻抗平台力从18.72 kN增加到260.28 kN,垂向阻抗力平台力从27.96 kN增加到300.64 kN,车辆−雪堆界面纵向和垂向阻抗力与速度呈现二次函数关系;轮轨关系方面,动车组头车一位端转向架2个轮对的轮重减载率分别从0.433和0.368增加到0.700和0.730,当速度超过120 km/h时,轮重减载率超过标准要求0.6;当运行速度为80 km/h时,随着排障雪犁张角从60°增加到120°,雪粒子距离地面最大垂向高度从2348 mm增加到4881 mm;纵向阻抗平台力从59.01 kN增加到92.91 kN;垂向阻抗平台力变化不大;张角的改变不影响动车组轮重减载率的变化。研究成果可为解决高寒地区应对暴雪等恶劣天气的动车组除雪运行问题和排障雪犁结构设计提供思路。Exploring the influence of running speed and snow plow tension angle on the snow removal characteristics of the Motor Train Unit(MTU)is a key measure to solve the problem of operation efficiency and operation safety in snow environment.Smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH)method is used to simulate snow drift,and a coupled dynamic simulation model of MTU-snowdrift-track is constructed.The effects of running speeds of 40,80,120,160,180 km/h and tension angles of 60°,90°,120°on the motion state of snow particles,the resistance force of snow removal and the wheel unloading rate were studied.The results of the study show that the snow pushes away to the sides along the snow plow profile,the snow particle movement is parabolic,and none of the flying snow trajectories obscure the cab view.The maximum vertical height of snow particles from the ground increases from 1419 mm to 4433 mm as the running speed increases from 40 km/h to 180 km/h when the snow plow tension angle is 60°.The longitudinal resistance platform force increased from 18.72 kN to 260.28 kN,and the vertical resistance platform force increased from 27.96 kN to 300.64 kN.The longitudinal and vertical impedance force of the vehicle-snow interface shows a quadratic function relationship with the velocity.In terms of wheel-rail relationship,the wheel unloading rate of two wheelsets of one-end bogie at the head of MTU increases from 0.433 and 0.368 to 0.700 and 0.730 respectively.When the speed exceeds 120 km/h,the wheel unloading rate exceeds the standard requirement by 0.6.When the running speed is 80 km/h,the maximum vertical height of snow particles from the ground increases from 2348 mm to 4881 mm with the increase of the tension angle from 60°to 120°.The longitudinal resistance platform force increased from 59.01 kN to 92.91 kN.The vertical resistance platform force has little change.The change of tension angle does not affect the change of wheel weight reduction rate of MTU.The research results can provide design ideas for solving the problem of sn

关 键 词：排障雪犁结构 有限元模拟 排雪阻抗力 轮重减载率 横向水平雪堆 

分 类 号：U270.2[机械工程—车辆工程]