考虑地铁列车故障救援的运行图调整优化研究  

Metro timetable rescheduling optimization method in case of failure train rescue

作　　者：王卓[1] 张翕然 陈绍宽[1,2] 茧敏 陈哲轩 WANG Zhuo;ZHANG Xiran;CHEN Shaokuan;JIAN Min;CHEN Zhexuan(China MOT Key Laboratory of Transport Industry of Big Data Application Technologies for Comprehensive Transport,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China;Integrated Transport Research Center of China,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学交通运输部综合交通运输大数据应用技术交通运输行业重点实验室,北京100044 [2]北京交通大学中国综合交通研究中心,北京100044

出　　处：《铁道科学与工程学报》2023年第11期4085-4095,共11页Journal of Railway Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71621001);北京市自然科学基金资助项目(L191023)。

摘　　要：城市轨道交通列车发生故障无法运行时需安排其他列车进行救援,制定合理的救援和运行调整方案对维持线路的服务水平具有重要意义。为应对救援过程造成停车线的长时间占用、运用车底数量减少和后序列车延误等问题,考虑采取小交路折返、车次取消和使用备车等运行调整措施并适时恢复救援列车的正常运营。以与原时刻表的偏差和列车取消停靠的车站数量最小为目标构建运行图调整的混合整数线性优化模型,采用滚动优化算法兼顾求解质量和效率。研究结果表明:详细刻画救援过程有助于提升列车救援场景下的运行图调整效果,救援列车重新投入运营能及时补充在线运营车底数量,减少加开备车数量和列车取消停靠车站的数量,目标函数优化6.8%以上。小交路折返措施有助于维持车底周转效率,避免延误列车提前下线退出运营,各断面总运力提高4.4%以上。综合优化方案的实际开行列次数量接近计划开行列次,线路的服务水平得到维持。当列车在线路中段发生故障时,后序列车正向救援方案中故障区段两侧列车调整策略选择更加灵活;当列车在靠近线路一端发生故障时,后序列车反向救援方案对非故障区段列车的正常运行影响较小。研究成果可为列车故障救援场景下救援方式和运行图调整方案的选择提供决策依据。A train is usually arranged to rescue when another train breaks down in a metro line.It is important to choose an effective rescue method and timetable rescheduling measures to maintain the service level of a line.This paper considered the measures of short-turning,cancellations and use of back-up rolling stocks to deal with the long-time occupation of storage tracks,reduction of operational rolling stocks and train delays caused by rescue process.The reoperation of rescue train after a rescue was also considered.A mixed integer linear model was developed to minimize the difference between a rescheduled timetable and an original timetable and train cancellations.A horizon rolling optimization algorithm was addressed to solve the model with high effectiveness and efficiency.The results show that the detailed description of the train rescue process can obtain a better rescheduled timetable.The reoperation of rescue train supplements the number of operational rolling stocks,reduce the number of standby trains and the number of stations cancelled.The value of objective function is optimized by more than 6.8%.The short-turning can maintain the circulation efficiency of rolling stocks to avoid delayed train exiting operation,and the total transport capacity of line sections is increased by more than 4.4%.The number of train services in the rescheduled timetable is close to that in the original timetable,and the service level of a line is maintained.When a train breaks down in the middle of the line,the rescheduling measures selection will be more flexible if the failure train is rescued by the subsequent train along the operational direction.When a train breaks down at one end of the line,a subsequent train rescue the failure train along the opposite direction has a little impact on the normal operation of trains in other sections.The obtained results can provide a consult for the selection of rescue method and timetable rescheduling scheme under the situation of failure train rescue.

关 键 词：城市轨道交通 列车救援 运行图调整 策略优化 滚动优化 

分 类 号：U292.4[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]