基于SDR模型的抚仙湖流域生态安全空间分异特征研究  

Spatial differentiation characteristics of ecological security in Fuxian Lake basin based on SDR model

作　　者：祁兰兰 王敏[2] 王卿[2] 吴建强[2] 张小乐 卢蒙 徐锐[1] 黄晶心 QI Lanlan;WANG Min;WANG Qing;WU Jianqiang;ZHANG Xiaole;LU Meng;XU Rui;HUANG Jingxin(School of Energy and Environmental Science,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming 650500,China;Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences,Shanghai 200233,China;College of Ecology and Environment,Yunnan University,Kunming 650500,China;Basic Education Department of Yunnan Open University,Kunming 650599,China)

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学能源与环境科学学院,昆明650500 [2]上海市环境科学研究院,上海200233 [3]云南大学生态与环境学院,昆明650500 [4]云南开放大学基础教育学部,昆明650599

出　　处：《生态学报》2023年第22期9527-9538,共12页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31800443);云南省应用基础研究重点项目(202201AS070020,202201AU070061);云南省应用基础研究面上项目(202201AT070159)。

摘　　要：抚仙湖流域作为我国重要的战略水资源储备区,生态安全地位重要。本研究以该流域为研究对象,采用“状态-隐患-响应”模型,探索性空间分析法,基于格网尺度分析其1987—2020年生态安全空间分异特征。结果表明:(1)抚仙湖流域生态安全空间差异性明显,生态安全状况以中度安全(Ⅳ级)与高安全(Ⅴ级)状态为主,主要分布于流域四周,生态不安全(Ⅰ级)、较不安全(Ⅱ级)、临界安全(Ⅲ级)成片地集中于流域南北岸及东岸中部的人口农业密集区。(2)研究区生态安全空间集聚效应明显,全局空间自相关系数较高,且逐期上升,集聚效应增强,并以高高(HH),低低(LL)集聚为主,HH区域集中于流域西北,东南,西岸中部片区,LL区域分布于流域北岸人口密集区及南岸的农业地带。(3)研究区生态安全在不同土地利用类型、坡度、人口密度上空间分异规律明显,生态不安全(Ⅰ级)在建设用地分布居多,生态较不安全(Ⅱ级)和生态临界安全(Ⅲ级)以耕地分布为主,生态中度安全(Ⅳ)和高安全(Ⅴ级)主要分布在林地。生态安全分别与坡度、人口密度存在明显的分异特征,坡度增加,生态安全水平高,人口密度变大,生态安全质量越低。As an importantly strategic water resource reserve area in China,Fuxian Lake basin plays an important role in ecological security.This study takes the watershed as the research object,adopts the State-Hidden-Response(SDR)model,exploratory spatial analysis method,and analyzes the spatial differentiation characteristics of ecological security from 1987 to 2020 based on grid scale.The results indicate that:(1)Spatial difference of ecological security in Fuxian Lake basin is obvious.The ecological security status is mainly moderate security(Grade Ⅳ)and high security(Grade Ⅴ),which are mainly distributed around the basin.Ecological insecurity(Grade Ⅰ),relatively insecurity(Grade Ⅱ),and critical security(Grade Ⅲ)are concentrated in the densely populated agricultural areas on the north and south banks of the basin and the middle of the east bank.(2)The spatial agglomeration effect of ecological security in the study area is obvious overall spatial autocorrelation coefficient is high and rises gradually.The agglomeration effect is enhanced,which is mainly high(HH)and low(LL).The HH area is concentrated in the northwest,southeast,and central areas of the west bank of the basin.The LL area is distributed in the densely populated areas on the north bank of the basin and the agricultural areas on the south bank.(3)The spatial differentiation of ecological security in the study area is obvious in different land use types,slopes and population densities.Ecological insecurity(Grade Ⅰ)is mainly distributed in construction land,ecological insecurity(Grade Ⅱ)and ecological critical security(Grade Ⅲ)are mainly distributed in cultivated land,and ecological medium security(Ⅳ)and high security(Ⅴ)are mainly distributed in forest land.Ecological security has obvious differentiation characteristics with slope and population density respectively.With the increase of slope,the level of ecological security is high,the population density is larger,and the quality of ecological security is lower.

关 键 词：生态安全评价 格网尺度 SDR模型 抚仙湖流域 空间分异 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]